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淩亂°似流年 2023-06-07 08:23 33阅读 0赞

## 18.文件读取 ##

### txt ###

*  def write\_txt():  
    with open(‘data.txt’,‘w’,encoding=‘utf8’) as f:  
    f.write(‘湖南大学69名研究生集体放弃入学\\n’)  
    line=\[  
    ‘时间：2019-8-29\\n’  
    ‘经过：湖南大学研究生院取消这69名研究生的入学资格\\n’  
    ‘原因：学校回复学生为了出国或者就业放弃入学\\n’  
    ‘教训：湖南大学作为985高校，应该提高自己的竞争力’  
    \]  
    f.writelines(line)

def read\_txt():  
with open(‘data.txt’,encoding=‘utf8’) as f:  
for line in f:  
print(line,end=’ ')

if **name** == ‘**main**’:  
write\_txt()  
read\_txt()

### csv ###

*  import csv  
    from collections import namedtuple

def csv\_read():  
with open(’/home/parallels/Desktop/python/csv/trade.csv’,encoding=‘utf-8’) as f:  
reader=csv.reader(f)  
headers=next(reader)  
print(headers)  
for row in reader:  
print(row)

def csv\_read\_by\_nametuple():  
with open(’/home/parallels/Desktop/python/csv/trade.csv’,encoding=‘utf-8’) as f:  
reader=csv.reader(f)  
headers=next(reader)  
Row=namedtuple(“Row”,headers)  
for r in reader:  
row=Row(\*r)  
print(row)

def csv\_read\_by\_dict():  
with open(’/home/parallels/Desktop/python/csv/trade.csv’,encoding=‘utf-8’) as f:  
reader=csv.DictReader(f)  
for i in reader:  
print(i)

if **name** == ‘**main**’:  
\#csv\_read()  
\#csv\_read\_by\_nametuple()  
csv\_read\_by\_dict()

*  import csv

def csv\_reader():  
with open(‘my\_course.csv’,encoding=‘utf-8’) as f:  
\#reader=csv.reader(f)  
reader=csv.DictReader(f)  
headers=next(reader)  
print(headers)  
for row in reader:  
print(row\[‘企业股利政策’\])

def csv\_writer():  
headers=\[‘企业性质’,‘企业股利政策’,‘注册资本金(单位：万元)’\]  
rows=\[  
(‘股份制’,‘配股’,1000),  
(‘有限责任制’,‘不上市不分红’,100),  
(‘金融股份制商业银行’,‘股票期权’,100000)  
\]

with open('my_course.csv','w',encoding='utf-8',newline='') as f:
        writer=csv.writer(f)
        writer.writerow(headers)
        writer.writerows(rows)

if **name** == ‘**main**’:  
csv\_writer()  
csv\_reader()

### xls ###

*  import xlrd

def xl\_read():  
book=xlrd.open\_workbook(‘citydata.xls’)  
for sheet in book.sheets():  
print(sheet.name) \#sheetname不要有多余的空格和符号

def xl\_read\_data():  
book=xlrd.open\_workbook(‘citydata.xls’)  
\#sheet=book.sheet\_by\_index(1)  
sheet=book.sheet\_by\_name(‘cdata’)  
print(f’工作薄：\{sheet.name\}’)  
print(f’数据行数：\{sheet.nrows\}’)  
print(‘地级市数据’)  
print(’\*’\*100)  
for i in range(sheet.nrows):  
print(sheet.row\_values(i))

if **name** == ‘**main**’:  
xl\_read()  
xl\_read\_data()

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