oracle 常用安装脚本以及步骤

冷不防 2023-06-03 03:59 11阅读 0赞

oracle 常用脚本以及语句

一、oracle 安装10G 单机初始化环境：

\#!/bin/bash

\#关闭selinux  
sed -i 's\\SELINUX=enforcing\\SELINUX=disabled\\' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

\#关闭防火墙  
service iptables stop  
chkconfig iptables off

\#配置/etc/hosts文件 添加  
cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF

172.16.0.191 rhel

EOF

\#增大共享内存  
mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=7g /dev/shm  
echo 'shmfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=24g' >> /etc/fstab

\#添加组  
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall  
groupadd -g 1002 dba

\#添加用户

useradd -u 1003 -g oinstall -G dba oracle  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

\#创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

\#更改目录权限

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/  
chmod -R 775 /u01

\#改变内核参数  
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF

\#Kernel for Oracle 10g R2  
kernel.shmall = 2097152  
kernel.shmmax = 536870912  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
fs.file-max = 65536  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 1024 65000  
net.core.rmem\_default = 1048576  
net.core.rmem\_max = 1048576  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 262144

EOF

\#使内核参数立即生效  
sysctl -p

\#添加用户资源限制  
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

\#limits for Oracle users

oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536

\#编辑配置文件  
cat >> /etc/profile<<EOF

\#this is for oracle user  
if \[ \\$USER = "oracle" \]||\[ \\$USER = "grid" \]; then  
if \[ \\$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" \]; then  
ulimit -p 16384  
ulimit -n 65536  
else  
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  
fi  
umask 022  
fi  
EOF

\#编辑登陆配置文件  
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login<<EOF  
\#this is for oracle user  
session required pam\_limits.so  
EOF

\#为oracle用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_SID=orcl  
export ORACLE\_HOME=\\$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH  
EOF  
source /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

\#关闭ntpd服务

chkconfig ntpd off

service ntpd stop

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | cut -d ' ' -f 7 | cut -d . -f 1\`

\#配置yum仓库  
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/\*  
if \[ $version=6 \] || \[ $version=7 \] ; then  
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo<<EOF  
\[rhel-debuginfo\]  
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux \\$releasever - \\$basearch - Debug  
baseurl=file:///mnt/  
enabled=1  
gpgcheck=0  
EOF  
fi

if \[ $version=5 \] ; then  
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo<<EOF  
\[rhel-debuginfo\]  
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux \\$releasever - \\$basearch - Debug  
baseurl=file:///mnt/Server  
enabled=1  
gpgcheck=0  
EOF  
fi

\#安装oracle所需要的包  
yum clean all

case $version in  
7)  
echo "the linux version is 7"  
;;  
6)  
echo "the linux version is 6"  
yum -y install compat-libcap1-1.10-1 binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel glibc-common glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel  
;;  
5)  
echo "the linux version is 5"  
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel glibc-common glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel  
;;  
4)  
echo "the linux version is 4"  
rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel esac

二、oracle 安装11G单机初始化环境脚本：

\#!/bin/bash

\#关闭selinux  
sed -i 's\\SELINUX=enforcing\\SELINUX=disabled\\' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

\#关闭防火墙  
service iptables stop  
chkconfig iptables off

\#配置/etc/hosts文件 添加  
cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF

172.16.0.191 rhel

EOF

\#增大共享内存  
mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=7g /dev/shm  
echo 'shmfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=24g' >> /etc/fstab

\#添加组  
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall  
groupadd -g 1002 asmdba  
groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin  
groupadd -g 1004 asmoper  
groupadd -g 1005 dba  
groupadd -g 1006 oper

\#添加用户

useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

\#创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

\#更改目录权限

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/  
chmod -R 775 /u01

\#改变内核参数  
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF

\#Kernel for Oracle 11g R2  
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
fs.file-max = 6815744  
\#kernel.shmall = 2097152  
\#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 9000 65500  
net.core.rmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.rmem\_max = 4194304  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 1048576  
EOF

\#使内核参数立即生效  
sysctl -p

\#添加用户资源限制  
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

\#limits for Oracle users  
oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
oracle soft stack 10240

\#编辑配置文件  
cat >> /etc/profile<<EOF

\#编辑登陆配置文件  
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login<<EOF  
\#this is for oracle user  
session required pam\_limits.so  
EOF

\#关闭ntpd服务

chkconfig ntpd off

service ntpd stop

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | cut -d ' ' -f 7 | cut -d . -f 1\`

\#配置yum仓库  
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

\#安装oracle所需要的包  
yum clean all

三、安装oracle 11g(11.2.0.4) rac 初始化脚本

\#!/bin/bash

\#关闭selinux  
sed -i 's\\SELINUX=enforcing\\SELINUX=disabled\\' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

\#关闭防火墙  
service iptables stop  
chkconfig iptables off

\#配置/etc/hosts文件 添加  
cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF

\# rac1  
172.16.0.191 rac1  
172.16.0.193 rac1-vip  
192.168.94.11 rac1-priv  
\# rac2  
172.16.0.192 rac2  
172.16.0.194 rac2-vip  
192.168.94.12 rac2-priv  
\# scan-ip  
172.16.0.203 scan-vip

EOF

\#增大共享内存  
mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=7g /dev/shm  
echo 'shmfs /dev/shm tmpfs size=7g' >> /etc/fstab

\#添加组  
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall  
groupadd -g 1002 asmdba  
groupadd -g 1003 asmadmin  
groupadd -g 1004 asmoper  
groupadd -g 1005 dba  
groupadd -g 1006 oper

\#添加用户  
useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin grid

useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

\#创建安装目录  
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid/  
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1

\#更改目录权限  
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/  
chmod -R 775 /u01

\#改变内核参数  
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF

\#使内核参数立即生效  
sysctl -p

\#添加用户资源限制  
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

\#limits for Oracle users  
oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
oracle soft stack 10240

grid soft nproc 2047  
grid hard nproc 16384  
grid soft nofile 1024  
grid hard nofile 65536  
grid soft stack 10240  
EOF

\#编辑配置文件  
cat >> /etc/profile<<EOF

\#编辑登陆配置文件  
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login<<EOF  
\#this is for oracle user  
session required pam\_limits.so  
EOF

\#为grid用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/grid/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/grid  
export ORACLE\_SID=+ASM1  
export ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH  
export NLS\_LANG=AMERICAN\_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK  
EOF  
source /home/grid/.bash\_profile

\#为oracle用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_SID=racdb1  
export ORACLE\_HOME=\\$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH  
EOF  
source /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

\#关闭ntpd服务

chkconfig ntpd off

service ntpd stop

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | cut -d ' ' -f 7 | cut -d . -f 1\`

\#配置yum仓库  
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

\#安装oracle所需要的包  
yum clean all

四、单机无rehat 7grid 12c

\#!/bin/bash

\#关闭selinux  
sed -i 's\\SELINUX=enforcing\\SELINUX=disabled\\' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

\#关闭防火墙  
systemctl stop firewalld  
systemctl disable firewalld

\#配置/etc/hosts文件 添加  
cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF

172.16.0.191 rhel

EOF

\#关闭 NetworkManager

systemctl stop NetworkManager  
systemctl disable NetworkManager

\#添加组  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

\#添加用户

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

\#创建安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db\_1  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory

\#更改目录权限

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle  
chmod -R 775 /u01

\#改变内核参数

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF

\#Kernel for Oracle 12c R2  
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
fs.file-max = 6815744  
\#kernel.shmall = 2097152  
\#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295  
kernel.shmall = 16097152  
kernel.shmmax = 128849018880  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 9000 65500  
net.core.rmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.rmem\_max = 4194304  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 1048576  
EOF

\#使内核参数立即生效  
sysctl -p

\#添加用户资源限制  
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

\#limits for Oracle users  
oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
oracle soft stack 10240

\#编辑配置文件  
cat >> /etc/profile<<EOF

\#编辑登陆配置文件  
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login<<EOF  
\#this is for oracle user  
session required pam\_limits.so  
EOF

\#为oracle用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_SID=orcl  
export ORACLE\_HOME=\\$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/db\_1  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/OPatch:\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH  
export NLS\_LANG=AMERICAN\_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

stty erase ^H  
EOF  
source /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

\#关闭ntpd服务

chkconfig ntpd off

service ntpd stop

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | awk '\{print $4\}'| cut -d . -f 1\`

\#配置yum仓库

\#安装oracle所需要的包  
yum clean all

case $version in  
7)  
echo "the linux version is Enterprise 7"  
yum -y install binutils \\  
compat-libcap1 \\  
compat-libstdc++-33 \\  
compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \\  
e2fsprogs \\  
e2fsprogs-libs \\  
gcc \\  
gcc-c++ \\  
glibc.i686 \\  
glibc \\  
glibc-devel.i686 \\  
glibc-devel \\  
ksh \\  
libaio \\  
libaio.i686 \\  
libaio-devel \\  
libaio-devel.i686 \\  
libX11.i686 \\  
libX11 \\  
libXau.i686 \\  
libXau \\  
libXi.i686 \\  
libXi \\  
libXtst.i686 \\  
libXtst \\  
libgcc.i686 \\  
libgcc \\  
libstdc++.i686 \\  
libstdc++ \\  
libstdc++-devel.i686 \\  
libstdc++-devel \\  
libxcb.i686 \\  
libxcb \\  
make \\  
net-tools \\  
nfs-utils \\  
smartmontools \\  
sysstat \\  
unixODBC.i686 \\  
unixODBC \\  
unixODBC-devel.i686 \\  
unixODBC-devel \\  
java-1.8.0-openjdk

;;  
6)  
echo "the linux version is Enterprise 6"  
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ \\  
elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc.i686 glibc glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel libgcc.i686 libgcc libstdc++.i686 libstdc++ \\  
libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel libaio.i686 libaio libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel make \\  
sysstat unixODBC.i686 unixODBC unixODBC-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel  
;;  
5)  
echo "the linux version is Enterprise 5"  
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc \\  
gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel glibc-common glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc \\  
libstdc++ make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel  
;;  
4)  
echo "the linux version is Enterprise 4"  
yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel \\  
gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio-devel libaio libgcc libstdc++ \\  
libstdc++-devel make numactl pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel  
;;  
\*)  
echo "Too old Version !"

esac

五、rhel7安装12cR2 RAC（其实有各种坑）

\#!/bin/bash

\#配置hosts表  
cat >> /etc/hosts<<EOF

\#rac1  
192.168.211.151 node1  
192.168.211.153 node1-vip  
192.168.137.151 node1-priv

\#rac2  
192.168.211.152 node2  
192.168.211.154 node2-vip  
192.168.137.152 node2-priv

\#scan-ip  
192.168.211.155 scan-cluster  
EOF

\#关闭selinux  
sed -i 's\\SELINUX=enforcing\\SELINUX=disabled\\' /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0

\#关闭防火墙  
service iptables stop  
chkconfig iptables off  
service ip6tables stop  
chkconfig ip6tables off

systemctl disable firewalld  
systemctl stop firewalld

\#关闭 NetworkManager

systemctl stop NetworkManager  
systemctl disable NetworkManager

/sbin/service ntpd stop  
chkconfig ntpd off  
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org

systemctl stop chronyd  
systemctl disable chrnyd

\#添加组  
groupadd -g 54221 oinstall  
groupadd -g 54222 asmdba  
groupadd -g 54223 asmadmin  
groupadd -g 54224 asmoper  
groupadd -g 54225 dba  
groupadd -g 54226 oper

\#avahi-daemon服务

systemctl stop avahi-dnsconfd  
systemctl stop avahi-daemon  
systemctl disable avahi-dnsconfd  
systemctl disable avahi-daemon

\#禁止NTP

/sbin/service ntpd stop  
chkconfig ntpd off  
mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org  
rm /var/run/ntpd.pid

\#添加用户  
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin grid

useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle  
echo 'oracle' | passwd --stdin oracle

\#创建安装目录  
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid  
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.2.0/grid  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db\_1

\#更改目录权限

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle  
chmod -R 775 /u01

\#改变内核参数  
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf<<EOF

\#Kernel for Oracle 12C  
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
fs.file-max = 6815744  
\#kernel.shmall = 2097152  
\#kernel.shmmax = 4294967295  
kernel.shmall = 16097152  
kernel.shmmax = 128849018880  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 9000 65500  
net.core.rmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.rmem\_max = 4194304  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 1048576  
EOF

\#使内核参数立即生效  
sysctl -p

\#添加用户资源限制  
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

\#limits for Oracle users  
grid soft nproc 2047  
grid hard nproc 16384  
grid soft nofile 1024  
grid hard nofile 65536  
grid soft stack 10240

oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
oracle soft stack 10240  
EOF

\#编辑配置文件  
cat >> /etc/profile<<EOF

\#编辑登陆配置文件  
cat >> /etc/pam.d/login<<EOF  
\#this is for oracle user  
session required pam\_limits.so  
EOF

\#为grid用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/grid/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/grid  
export ORACLE\_SID=+ASM1  
export ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/12.2.0/grid  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/OPatch:\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH

stty erase ^H

EOF  
source /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

\#为oracle用户添加环境变量  
cat >> /home/oracle/.bash\_profile<<EOF  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_SID=orcl  
export ORACLE\_HOME=\\$ORACLE\_BASE/product/12.2.0/db\_1  
export PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/OPatch:\\$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:\\$PATH  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=\\$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:\\$LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH  
export NLS\_LANG=AMERICAN\_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

stty erase ^H  
EOF  
source /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | awk '\{print $4\}'| cut -d . -f 1\`  
\#version=\`cat /etc/redhat-release | awk '\{print $7\}' | awk -F . '\{print $1\}'\`

\#配置yum仓库  
\#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

\#mv -f /etc/yum.repos.d/\* /tmp

if \[ "$version" -eq 6 \] || \[ "$version" -eq 7 \] ; then  
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-dvd.repo<<EOF  
\[rhel-debuginfo\]  
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux \\$releasever - \\$basearch - Debug  
baseurl=file:///mnt/  
enabled=1  
gpgcheck=0  
EOF  
fi

\#if \[ "$version" -eq 5 \] ; then  
\#cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-dvd.repo<<EOF  
\#\[rhel\]  
\#name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux \\$releasever - \\$basearch - Debug  
\#baseurl=file:///mnt/Server  
\#enabled=1  
\#gpgcheck=0  
\#EOF  
\#fi

\#安装oracle所需要的包  
yum clean all

\# 16.配置NOZEROCONF  
\#How To Prevent Bogus Entry 169.254.0.0/255.255.0.0 Automatically Added To Routing Table (文档 ID 1161144.1)

cat >>/etc/sysconfig/network<<EOF  
NOZEROCONF=yes

EOF

\#选择deadline IO调度

cat > /etc/udev/rules.d/60-oracle-schedulers.rules<<EOF

ACTION=="add|change", KERNEL=="sd\[a-z\]", ATTR\{queue/rotational\}=="0", ATTR\{queue/scheduler\}="deadline"

EOF

udevadm control --reload-rules

oracle 12c r2 asm  配置

for i in b c d e  
do  
echo "KERNEL==\\"sd?\\",SUBSYSTEM==\\"block\\",PROGRAM==\\"/usr/lib/udev/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\\$name\\",RESULT==\\"\`/usr/lib/udev/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i\`\\",SYMLINK+=\\"asm-disk$i\\",OWNER=\\"grid\\",GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\",MODE=\\"0660\\""  
done > /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

udevadm trigger  
udevadm control -R  
systemctl restart systemd-udevd.service

透明大页：

1.查看透明大页是否启用

RHEL 6：

\# cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat\_transparent\_hugepage/enabled

\[oracle@rhel 6 ~\]$ cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat\_transparent\_hugepage/enabled  
\[always\] madvise never

RHEL 7：

\# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent\_hugepage/enabled  
\[root@rhel 7 ~\]\# cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent\_hugepage/enabled

\[always\] madvise never

2.禁用透明大页

RHEL 6：

（1）.编辑  
/etc/grub.conf 文件，在kernel 那一行后面追加  
transparent\_hugepage=never

例如：  
default=0  
timeout=5  
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz  
hiddenmenu  
title Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (2.6.32-642.el6.x86\_64)  
root (hd0,0)  
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-642.el6.x86\_64 ro root=/dev/mapper/rootvg-lvroot rd\_NO\_LUKS KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us LANG=en\_US.UTF-8 rd\_LVM\_LV=rootvg/lvswap rd\_NO\_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd\_LVM\_LV=rootvg/lvroot rd\_NO\_DM rhgb quiet transparent\_hugepage=never  
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-642.el6.x86\_64.img

（2）.重启系统生效。

RHEL 7：  
（1）.编辑/etc/sysconfig/grub 文件，在 GRUB\_CMDLINE\_LINUX 那一行后面追加 transparent\_hugepage=never

例如：  
GRUB\_TIMEOUT=5  
GRUB\_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .\*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"  
GRUB\_DEFAULT=saved  
GRUB\_DISABLE\_SUBMENU=true  
GRUB\_TERMINAL\_OUTPUT="console"  
GRUB\_CMDLINE\_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=rootvg/root rd.lvm.lv=rootvg/swap rhgb quiet transparent\_hugepage=never"  
GRUB\_DISABLE\_RECOVERY="true"

（2）.再使用  
grub2-mkconfig 生成grub.cfg配置文件。  
\# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg  
（3）.重启系统使配置生效。

网卡绑定：

建议em1,em3绑定到bond0, em1,em3绑定到bond0, em2,em4绑定到bond1。

em1参数配置：  
\#vi ifcfg-eth1  
DEVICE=eth1  
ONBOOT=yes  
MASTER=bond0  
SLAVE=yes  
USERCTL=no  
BOOTPROTO=none

em3参数配置:  
\#vi ifcfg-eth3  
DEVICE=eth3  
ONBOOT=yes  
MASTER=bond0  
SLAVE=yes  
USERCTL=no  
BOOTPROTO=none

em2参数配置：

\#vi ifcfg-eth2  
DEVICE=eth2  
ONBOOT=yes  
MASTER=bond1  
SLAVE=yes  
USERCTL=no  
BOOTPROTO=none

em4参数配置：

\#vi ifcfg-eth4  
DEVICE=eth4  
ONBOOT=yes  
MASTER=bond1  
SLAVE=yes  
USERCTL=no  
BOOTPROTO=none

bond0 参数配置：

DEVICE=bond0  
NM\_CONTROLLED=no  
ONBOOT=yes  
IPADDR=10.1.20.1  
BOOTPROTO=static  
NETMASK=255.255.255.0  
GATEWAY=10.1.20.254  
IPV6INIT=no  
USERCTL=no  
IPV4\_FAILURE\_FATAL=yes  
NAME="System bond0"  
BONDING\_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100"

bond1 参数配置：

DEVICE=bond1  
NM\_CONTROLLED=no  
ONBOOT=yes  
IPADDR=10.1.20.2  
BOOTPROTO=static  
NETMASK=255.255.255.0  
GATEWAY=10.1.20.254  
IPV6INIT=no  
USERCTL=no  
IPV4\_FAILURE\_FATAL=yes  
NAME="System bond1"  
BONDING\_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100"

rac 安装环境预检查：

./runcluvfy.sh  stage -pre crsinst -fixup -n tzjydb1,tzjydb2 -verbose

DD磁盘：

\+mv /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules.bak /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

注意 dd 使用过的为(一个节点就可以):

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskb bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskc bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskd bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diske bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskf bs=1024k count=10

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/emcpowera1 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/emcpowerb1 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/emcpowere1 bs=1024k count=10

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-0 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-1 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-2 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-3 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-4 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-5 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-6 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-7 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-8 bs=1024k count=10  
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/dm-9 bs=1024k count=10

rehat/centos 7 修改主机名：

systemctl restart systemd-hostnamed  
systemctl restart node1

重启网络

systemctl restart network

vi /etc/sysconfig/network  
\# Created by anaconda  
NOZEROCONF=yes  
HOSTNAME=node1

hostnamectl status

用redhat 7新增的hostnamectl命令获取的名称信息则如下：

\[root@node1 ~\]\# vi /etc/hostname  
node2

hostnamectl

hostnamectl set-hostname node1

\[root@node2 ~\]\# hostnamectl status  
\[root@node2 ~\]\# hostnamectl status  
Static hostname: node1  
Icon name: computer-vm  
Chassis: vm  
Machine ID: 3bdde3d59641468ba47d63105d5017a3  
Boot ID: d22652483d264394b8dfac6b51b5eaf2  
Virtualization: kvm  
Operating System: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 7.2 (Maipo)  
CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise\_linux:7.2:GA:server  
Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86\_64  
Architecture: x86-64  
  
  
重启生效

asm 磁盘设置：

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathe", NAME="asmocr01",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathg", NAME="asmocr02",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathh", NAME="asmocr03",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathk", NAME="asmocr04",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathi", NAME="asmocr05",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathb", NAME="asmdata01",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="/dev/mapper/mpathc", NAME="asmlog01",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

asm配置另一种磁盘：  
for i in b c d e f g h i j k l m n o;  
do  
echo "KERNEL==\\"sd\*\\", BUS==\\"scsi\\", PROGRAM==\\"/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\\$name\\", RESULT==\\"\`/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i\`\\", NAME=\\"asm-disk$i\\", OWNER=\\"grid\\", GROUP=\\"asmadmin\\", MODE=\\"0660\\""  
done > /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000f6c674da4408e611", NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040008a1824c24408e611", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000d62f92e84408e611", NAME="asm-diskd", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040002f583fce4408e611", NAME="asm-diske", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000d5b1a3f64408e611", NAME="asm-diskf", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040002c8ed9714408e611", NAME="asm-diskg", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000448e487a4408e611", NAME="asm-diskh", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000d8f6e1864408e611", NAME="asm-diski", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000f6c674da4408e611", NAME="asm-diskj", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040008a1824c24408e611", NAME="asm-diskk", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000d62f92e84408e611", NAME="asm-diskl", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040002f583fce4408e611", NAME="asm-diskm", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb04000d5b1a3f64408e611", NAME="asm-diskn", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"  
KERNEL=="sd\*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi\_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="3600601603eb040002c8ed9714408e611", NAME="asm-disko", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"

或者sd换成mpath 如果是EMC存储

六、最后附带一个我同事静默安装oracle 11g  步骤：

1.linux check package

rpm -q --qf '%\{NAME\}-%\{VERSION\}-%\{RELEASE\} (%\{ARCH\})\\n' binutils \\  
compat-libstdc++-33 compat-db control-center elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc \\  
gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ \\  
libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC glibc-headers unixODBC-devel \\  
pdksh sysstat xscreensaver | grep not | grep -v grep | awk '\{print "yum install -y " $2 \}'

rpm -q --qf '%\{NAME\}-%\{VERSION\}-%\{RELEASE\} (%\{ARCH\})\\n' binutils \\  
compat-libcap1 \\  
compat-libstdc++-33 \\  
gcc \\  
gcc-c++ \\  
glibc \\  
glibc-devel \\  
ksh \\  
pdksh \\  
libgcc \\  
libstdc++ \\  
libstdc++-devel \\  
libaio \\  
libaio-devel \\  
sysstat \\  
make

RedHat 6.5离线安装GCC方法

rpm -ivh mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
rpm -ivh ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
rpm -ivh cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
rpm -ivh cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86\_64.rpm  
rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86\_64.rpm

==========================================  
\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*hosts\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*  
10.12.140.240 $hstname" >> /etc/hosts  
vi /etc/hosts  
==========================================

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*stop firewall\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*  
service iptables stop  
chkconfig iptables off  
chkconfig --list iptables  
setenforce 0  
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux  
==========================================

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*fstab\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*  
vi /etc/fstab  
mount -o remount /dev/shm  
free -m

==========================================

2.MODIFY OS PARAMETER

a \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*/etc/sysctl.conf \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*:

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
fs.file-max = 6815744  
kernel.shmall = 2097152  
kernel.shmmax = 48719476736  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 500 64000 100 128  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 9000 65500  
net.core.rmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 1048586  
net.core.rmem\_max = 4194304

/sbin/sysctl -p

b \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*/etc/security/limits.conf \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*:  
vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047  
oracle hard nproc 16384  
oracle soft nofile 1024  
oracle hard nofile 65536  
oracle soft stack 10240

c \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\* /etc/pam.d/login \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*:  
vi /etc/pam.d/login

session required pam\_limits.so

d \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\* /etc/profile

if \[ $USER = "oracle" \] ; then  
if \[ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" \]; then  
ulimit -p 16384  
ulimit -n 65536  
else  
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  
fi  
umask 022  
fi

3 \*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*create oracle group & oracle user\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 600 oinstall  
/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 601 dba

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 600 -g oinstall -G oinstall,dba oracle

echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle

id oracle

\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*create oracle rdbms location\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\_1  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle  
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/oracle

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory  
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oraInventory  
chmod -R 775 /oracle/app/oraInventory  
ls -l /oracle/app

4 Oracle BINARY  
vi /home/oracle/.bash\_profile

export ORACLE\_SID=orcl  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_HOME=$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/db\_1  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/lib:$ORACLE\_HOME/lib32:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib  
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/jre:$ORACLE\_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE\_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE\_HOME/network/jlib  
export TNS\_ADMIN=$ORACLE\_HOME/network/admin  
export NLS\_LANG=AMERICAN\_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK  
export NLS\_DATE\_FORMAT=\\"YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS\\"  
export PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:$ORACLE\_HOME/OPatch:$PATH  
export ORACLE\_TERM=xterm  
export EDITOR=vi  
export THREADS\_FLAG=native  
export TEMP=/tmp  
export TMPDIR=/tmp

二 安装

1 此步骤很重要,如果忽略1 ,最终会提示inventory 文件目录非空 导致静默安装失败 文章末尾会加以说明  
vim /etc/oraInst.loc

inventory\_loc=/oracle/app/oraInventory  
inst\_group=oinstall

2 静默安装 11.2.0.4 采用 debug模式安装 ,如果有异常则更容易发现错误原因。

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -silent -debug -force -noconfig -IgnoreSysPreReqs \\  
FROM\_LOCATION=/soft/database/stage/products.xml \\  
oracle.install.option=INSTALL\_DB\_SWONLY \\  
DECLINE\_SECURITY\_UPDATES=true \\  
UNIX\_GROUP\_NAME=oinstall \\  
INVENTORY\_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory \\  
SELECTED\_LANGUAGES=en,zh\_CN,zh\_TW \\  
ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1 \\  
ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \\  
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \\  
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \\  
oracle.install.db.DBA\_GROUP=dba \\  
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false \\  
oracle.install.db.OPER\_GROUP=dba

源文：  
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt\_dbinstall\_response\_schema\_v11\_2\_0 \\

MOS 参考  
=========================================================================  
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -ignoreSysPrereqs -silent -debug -waitforcompletion -nowait -force \\  
FROM\_LOCATION=/soft/database/stage/products.xml \\  
oracle.install.option=INSTALL\_DB\_SWONLY \\  
UNIX\_GROUP\_NAME=oinstall \\  
INVENTORY\_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory \\  
ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1 \\  
ORACLE\_HOME\_NAME="OraDb11g\_Home1" \\  
ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \\  
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \\  
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \\  
oracle.install.db.DBA\_GROUP=dba \\  
oracle.install.db.OPER\_GROUP=dba \\  
DECLINE\_SECURITY\_UPDATES=true  
=========================================================================

安装完成之后 系统会提示我们用root用户运行如下两个脚本 。

As a root user, execute the following script(s):  
1. /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\_1/root.sh

Successfully Setup Software.

sh /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db\_1/root.sh

附上oracle软件静默安装的参数含义如下:  
\-silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示  
\-force 表示允许安装到一个非空目录  
\-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca  
\-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径  
oracle.install.responseFileVersion 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改  
oracle.install.option 安装模式选项,本例只安装oracle软件,该参数不要更改  
DECLINE\_SECURITY\_UPDATES 是否需要在线安全更新,设置为false,该参数不要更改  
UNIX\_GROUP\_NAME oracle 用户用于安装软件的组名  
INVENTORY\_LOCATION oracle 产品清单目录  
SELECTED\_LANGUAGES oracle 运行语言环境,一般包括引文和简繁体中文  
ORACLE\_HOME oracle安装目录  
ORACLE\_BASE oracle基础目录  
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安装版本类型,一般是企业版  
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall 是否定制安装,默认Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都选上。根据自己的需要选择组件。  
oracle.install.db.customComponents 定制安装组件列表:除了以上默认的,可加上Label Security和Database Vault  
oracle.install.db.DBA\_GROUP oracle 用户用于授予osdba权限的组名  
oracle.install.db.OPER\_GROUP oracle 用户用于授予osoper权限的组名

3 静默安装db  
安装完成oracle软件之后还没创建db,我们可以继续使用静默方式创建数据库。

dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp

dbca.rsp 文件内容如下：根据自己的场景进行修改。

\[GENERAL\]  
RESPONSEFILE\_VERSION = "11.2.0"  
OPERATION\_TYPE = "createDatabase"  
\[CREATEDATABASE\]  
GDBNAME = "orcl"  
SID = "orcl"  
TEMPLATENAME = "New\_Database.dbt"  
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"  
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"  
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"  
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"  
DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/oracle/app/oracle/oradata"  
STORAGETYPE=FS  
CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"  
DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"  
AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "FALSE"  
TOTALMEMORY = 8192

源文：  
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"

参考其它：小麦苗  
================================================================================  
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General\_Purpose.dbc -gdbname ora11g -sid ora11gsid -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle -responseFile NO\_VALUE -datafileDestination /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g -redoLogFileSize 60 -recoveryAreaDestination /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/flash\_recovery\_area -storageType FS -characterSet ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 -sampleSchema true -memoryPercentage 30 -totalMemory 1024 -databaseType OLTP -emConfiguration NONE  
================================================================================

4 配置网络监听  
这一步我使用netca的默认方式，而是直接编辑了$ORACLE\_HOME/network/admin/ 下的\*.ora 文件。  
根据需求编辑好了之后启动监听。

lsnrctl start

5 登陆数据库  
sqlplus / as sysdba  
select flashback\_on from V$database;  
SELECT \* FROM NLS\_DATABASE\_PARAMETERS;

三 遇到的问题  
问题一 相信这个问题也是很多人也会遇到

\[FATAL\] \[INS-32035\] Unable to create a new central inventory at the specified location.  
CAUSE: The central inventory location provided is not empty.  
ACTION: Please provide another location for the inventory, or clean up the current location.

解决方法:  
使用root vim /etc/oraInst.doc 加入

inventory\_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory  
inst\_group=oinstall

问题二

\[WARNING\] \[INS-32055\] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.  
CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.  
ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.

解决方法：  
如提示所言 Inventory 目录安装在了$ORACLE\_BASE 目录下了，所以调整Inventory 目录不在$ORACLE\_BASE 目录下，即可解决问题。

oraInventory 存放Oracle软件安装的目录信息，Oralce的安装和升级都需要用到这个目录，删除或丢失oraInventory目录的内容就会导致安装/升级失败。  
Oracle官方文档对oraInventory的说明:

All Oracle software installations rely on this directory.  
Ensure that you back it up regularly.  
Do not delete this directory unless you have completely removed  
all Oracle software from the system.

oraInventory 目录的位置是由oraInst.loc 文件决定的：  
/etc/oraInst.loc (AIX and Linux Platform)  
/var/opt/oracle/OraInst.loc (Solaris and HP-UX platform)

问题三：

\[oracle@veridata ~\]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp  
UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni11  
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1/lib/libnjni11.so: libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory  
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: get  
at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.get(Native Method)  
at oracle.net.config.Config.getNetDir(Unknown Source)  
at oracle.net.config.Config.initConfig(Unknown Source)  
at oracle.net.config.Config.<init>(Unknown Source)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.util.NetworkUtils.<init>(NetworkUtils.java:292)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.util.step.StepContext.<init>(StepContext.java:336)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.dbca.backend.Host.<init>(Host.java:828)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.dbca.backend.SilentHost.<init>(SilentHost.java:154)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.dbca.Dbca.getHost(Dbca.java:163)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.dbca.Dbca.execute(Dbca.java:113)  
at oracle.sysman.assistants.dbca.Dbca.main(Dbca.java:189)

=================================================================================  
解决方案：  
\[oracle@veridata ~\]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1/inventory/Scripts/ext/lib/  
\[oracle@veridata lib\]$ cp libclntsh.so.11.1 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome\_1/lib/  
\[oracle@veridata lib\]$ dbca  
可以弹出图形界面

\[oracle@centos ~\]$ dbca -help  
dbca \[-silent | -progressOnly | -customCreate\] \{<command> <options> \} | \{ \[<command> \[options\] \] -responseFile <response file > \} \[-continueOnNonFatalErrors <true | false>\]  
Please refer to the manual for details.  
You can enter one of the following command:

Create a database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-createDatabase  
\-templateName <name of an existing template in default location or the complete template path>  
\[-cloneTemplate\]  
\-gdbName <global database name>  
\[-sid <database system identifier>\]  
\[-sysPassword <SYS user password>\]  
\[-systemPassword <SYSTEM user password>\]  
\[-emConfiguration <CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NONE>  
\-dbsnmpPassword <DBSNMP user password>  
\-sysmanPassword <SYSMAN user password>  
\[-hostUserName <Host user name for EM backup job>  
\-hostUserPassword <Host user password for EM backup job>  
\-backupSchedule <Daily backup schedule in the form of hh:mm>\]  
\[-centralAgent <Enterprise Manager central agent home>\]\]  
\[-disableSecurityConfiguration <ALL|AUDIT|PASSWORD\_PROFILE|NONE>  
\[-datafileDestination <destination directory for all database files> | -datafileNames <a text file containing database objects such as controlfiles, tablespaces, redo log files and spfile to their corresponding raw device file names mappings in name=value format.>\]  
\[-redoLogFileSize <size of each redo log file in megabytes>\]  
\[-recoveryAreaDestination <destination directory for all recovery files>\]  
\[-datafileJarLocation <location of the data file jar, used only for clone database creation>\]  
\[-storageType < FS | ASM >  
\[-asmsnmpPassword <ASMSNMP password for ASM monitoring>\]  
\-diskGroupName <database area disk group name>  
\-recoveryGroupName <recovery area disk group name>  
\[-characterSet <character set for the database>\]  
\[-nationalCharacterSet <national character set for the database>\]  
\[-registerWithDirService <true | false>  
\-dirServiceUserName <user name for directory service>  
\-dirServicePassword <password for directory service >  
\-walletPassword <password for database wallet >\]  
\[-listeners <list of listeners to configure the database with>\]  
\[-variablesFile <file name for the variable-value pair for variables in the template>\]\]  
\[-variables <comma separated list of name=value pairs>\]  
\[-initParams <comma separated list of name=value pairs>\]  
\[-sampleSchema <true | false> \]  
\[-memoryPercentage <percentage of physical memory for Oracle>\]  
\[-automaticMemoryManagement \]  
\[-totalMemory <memory allocated for Oracle in MB>\]  
\[-databaseType <MULTIPURPOSE|DATA\_WAREHOUSING|OLTP>\]\]

Configure a database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-configureDatabase  
\-sourceDB <source database sid>  
\[-sysDBAUserName <user name with SYSDBA privileges>  
\-sysDBAPassword <password for sysDBAUserName user name>\]  
\[-registerWithDirService|-unregisterWithDirService|-regenerateDBPassword <true | false>  
\-dirServiceUserName <user name for directory service>  
\-dirServicePassword <password for directory service >  
\-walletPassword <password for database wallet >\]  
\[-disableSecurityConfiguration <ALL|AUDIT|PASSWORD\_PROFILE|NONE>  
\[-enableSecurityConfiguration <true|false>  
\[-emConfiguration <CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NONE>  
\-dbsnmpPassword <DBSNMP user password>  
\-sysmanPassword <SYSMAN user password>  
\[-hostUserName <Host user name for EM backup job>  
\-hostUserPassword <Host user password for EM backup job>  
\-backupSchedule <Daily backup schedule in the form of hh:mm>\]  
\[-centralAgent <Enterprise Manager central agent home>\]\]

Create a template from an existing database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-createTemplateFromDB  
\-sourceDB <service in the form of <host>:<port>:<sid>>  
\-templateName <new template name>  
\-sysDBAUserName <user name with SYSDBA privileges>  
\-sysDBAPassword <password for sysDBAUserName user name>  
\[-maintainFileLocations <true | false>\]

Create a clone template from an existing database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-createCloneTemplate  
\-sourceSID <source database sid>  
\-templateName <new template name>  
\[-sysDBAUserName <user name with SYSDBA privileges>  
\-sysDBAPassword <password for sysDBAUserName user name>\]  
\[-maintainFileLocations <true | false>\]  
\[-datafileJarLocation <directory to place the datafiles in a compressed format>\]

Generate scripts to create database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-generateScripts  
\-templateName <name of an existing template in default location or the complete template path>  
\-gdbName <global database name>  
\[-scriptDest <destination for all the scriptfiles>\]

Delete a database by specifying the following parameters:  
\-deleteDatabase  
\-sourceDB <source database sid>  
\[-sysDBAUserName <user name with SYSDBA privileges>  
\-sysDBAPassword <password for sysDBAUserName user name>\]  
Query for help by specifying the following options: -h | -help

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/hmwh/p/11563364.html