Python异常处理实践：20个常见情况的处理案例

原创青旅半醒 2025-03-19 07:30 29阅读 0赞

在Python编程中，异常处理是非常重要的一部分。它允许我们在程序遇到错误或异常时，进行适当的反应而不是让程序直接崩溃。以下是我整理的20个常见Python异常处理案例：

1. 空值异常处理：
```python
try:
    value = some_function()
    print(value)
except TypeError as error:
    print("TypeError caught:", error)
```

2. 类型错误异常处理：
```python
def divide(x, y):
    try:
        result = x / y
        return result
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        print("Can't divide by zero.")
        return None

x = 10
y = 0

result = divide(x, y)
```

3. 网络连接异常处理：
```python
import requests

def fetch_data(url):
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            return response.json()
        else:
            print("Failed to fetch data with status code:", response.status_code)
            return None
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as error:
        print("Error occurred while fetching data:", error)
        return None

url = "http://example.com/data"
data = fetch_data(url)

if data is not None:
    process_data(data)
```

4. 文件操作异常处理：
```python
def read_file(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename, 'r') as file:
            content = file.read()
            return content
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print(f"{filename} not found on the system.")
        return None
    except Exception as error:
        print("Error occurred while reading file:", error)
        return None

filename = "data.txt"
content = read_file(filename)

if content is not None:
    process_content(content)
```

这些案例展示了如何在Python中处理常见的异常情况，包括类型错误、零除错误、网络连接问题以及文件操作异常。