多线程与进程管理：Python常见并发问题实例

原创浅浅的花香味﹌ 2025-02-19 12:00 56阅读 0赞

在Python中，处理并发问题主要是通过线程和进程。下面我们将通过一些实例来理解和解决常见的并发问题。

1. **创建多个线程**：
   - 实例：`threading.Thread`类。
   ```python
   import threading

def worker_function():
       print("Worker function executing...")

threads = []
   for i in range(5):  # 创建5个线程
       thread = threading.Thread(target=worker_function)
       thread.start()
       threads.append(thread)

for thread in threads:
       thread.join()  # 等待所有线程完成

print("All threads completed.")
   ```
2. **使用锁和信号量**：
   - 实例：`threading.Lock`。
   ```python
   import threading

lock = threading.Lock()

def producer():
       with lock:
           if condition_met:  # 假设有一个条件需要满足
               produce_data()
               signal_consumption(lock)  # 发送一个信号，通知消费者开始消费
           else:
               time.sleep(1)  # 非生产操作

def consumer():
       with lock:
           if received_signal:  # 假设收到一个信号
               consume_data()
               print("Consumer finished consuming.")
           else:
               time.sleep(1)

producer_thread = threading.Thread(target=producer)
   consumer_thread = threading.Thread(target=consumer)

producer_thread.start()
   consumer_thread.start()

producer_thread.join()
   consumer_thread.join()

print("All threads completed. Production and consumption over.")
   ```
3. **进程管理**：
   - 实例：`multiprocessing.Process`。
   ```python
   import multiprocessing

def worker_function():
       print("Worker function executing...")

# 创建一个子进程
   process = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker_function)
   
   # 启动子进程
   process.start()

# 等待子进程完成
   process.join()

print("Worker function executed in the child process.")

```

总结：
Python中的多线程和进程管理是实现并发操作的重要手段。通过理解并实践这些实例，你将更好地处理Python中的并发问题。