Oracle数据库事务管理：异常处理与回滚示例

原创 Dear 丶 2025-02-05 12:12 52阅读 0赞

在Oracle数据库中，事务（Transaction）是数据操作的单位，具有原子性、一致性、隔离性的特性。如果在事务过程中发生异常，通常我们会选择回滚事务以确保数据的一致性和完整性。

下面是一个使用Java和Oracle JDBC驱动程序实现的简单示例：

```java
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class OracleTransactionExample {
    private static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@//localhost:1521/your_db_name";
    private static final String USER = "your_username";
    private static final String PASS = "your_password";

public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;

try {
            // 1. Connect to the database
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);

// 2. Start a transaction
            connection.setAutoCommit(false); // Set to false to start transaction

// 3. Perform operations within the transaction
            //   Example: Update data in a table
            String updateSQL = "UPDATE your_table_name SET column_name = 'new_value' WHERE some_condition";
            int rowsUpdated = connection.executeUpdate(updateSQL);

// 4. Commit the transaction if all operations succeed
            if (rowsUpdated > 0) {
                connection.commit(); // Commit the transaction
            } else {
                // Handle error or rollback the transaction in case of failure
                connection.rollback(); // Rollback the transaction
            }

} catch (SQLException se) {
            // Handle errors for database operations
            System.out.println("Error occurred while performing transaction: " + se.getMessage());
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException sqlException) {
                    System.out.println("Error occurred while closing the database connection: " + sqlException.getMessage());
                }
            }
        } finally {
            // Regardless of transaction success or failure, close the database connection
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException sqlException) {
                    System.out.println("Error occurred while closing the database connection: " + sqlException.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }

}
}
```

这个示例演示了如何在Oracle数据库中使用Java进行事务管理。如果事务中的某个操作失败，我们将回滚事务来确保数据的一致性。