Python——pyside6中Matplotlib视图动态获取数据并绘制图表+美化

心已赠人 2024-05-06 23:25 105阅读 0赞

**目录**

**一、前言**

**二、找到了相关美化文章**

**三、创建一个绘图线程QThread**

**四、美化的图表demo**

**4.1、赛博朋克风格**

**4.2、其他风格仓库地址**

--------------------

> ## **一、前言** ##
> 
>  *  **用pyside6需要一个子线程，来动态的绘制出计算结果**
>  *  **而且原来的图表不好看，需要进行美化！！**

> ## 二、找到了相关美化文章 ##
> 
> [4个Python库来美化你的Matplotlib图表！ - 知乎大家好，我是小F～ Matplotlib是一个被广泛使用的Python数据可视化库，相信很多人都使用过。 但是有时候总会觉得，Matplotlib做出来的图表不是很好看、不美观。 今天小F就给大家分享四个美化Matplotlib图表的Pytho…![apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png][]https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/624890496][4_Python_Matplotlib_ - _F_ Matplotlib_Python_ _Matplotlib_ _F_Matplotlib_Pytho_apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png_https_zhuanlan.zhihu.com_p_624890496]

> ## 三、创建一个绘图线程QThread ##
> 
>     # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
>     # @Author : pan
>     import time
>     
>     from PySide6.QtCore import QThread, Signal
>     
>     import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>     # mplcyberpunk不可去掉！
>     import mplcyberpunk
>     import matplotlib
>     matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
>     
>     
>     class WorkerThread(QThread):
>         finished = Signal()
>         count_signal = Signal()  # 数据信号
>     
>         def __init__(self):
>             super().__init__()
>             self.is_stopped = True
>             self.is_continue = True
>             self.is_close = True
>     
>         # 线程执行
>         def run(self):
>             self.is_stopped = False
>             self.is_continue = False
>             self.is_close = False
>     
>             # 添加样式 赛博朋克
>             plt.style.use("cyberpunk")
>             # plt显示中文
>             plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
>             # 隐藏默认的工具栏
>             plt.rcParams['toolbar'] = 'None'
>     
>             plt.figure("MTSP系统动态图表")
>     
>     
>             fig = plt.gcf()
>             # 注册窗口关闭事件的回调函数
>             fig.canvas.mpl_connect("close_event", self.on_close)
>     
>             while True:
>                 # 终止信号
>                 if self.is_stopped:
>                     plt.show()
>                     return
>     
>                 # 如果暂停
>                 if self.is_continue:
>                     time.sleep(1)
>                     continue
>     
>                 # 如果关闭窗口
>                 if self.is_close:
>                     return
>                 # 清除当前坐标轴上的绘图内容，保留其他设置
>                 plt.cla()
>                 # 动态数据
>                 from classes.yolo import y_axis_count_graph as y
>                 # from classes.yolo import x_axis_time_graph as x
>                 plt.xlabel('时间')
>                 plt.ylabel('车流量/辆')
>                 plt.title('实时流量折线图')
>                 plt.plot(y, linestyle='-', marker='o')
>                 # plt.plot(y, ls='-', marker='o', mec='skyblue', mfc='white', color="skyblue")
>                 # 发光效果+渐变填充
>                 mplcyberpunk.add_gradient_fill(alpha_gradientglow=0.5, gradient_start='zero')
>                 plt.xticks([])
>                 plt.pause(2)
>     
>     
>             plt.show()
>     
>             try:
>                 plt.close()
>                 return
>             except:
>                 plt.close()
>                 pass
>         # 窗口关闭方法
>         def on_close(self, event):
>             self.is_close = True
>     
>         # 停止方法
>         def stop(self):
>             self.is_stopped = True
>     
>         # 暂停方法
>         def pause(self):
>             self.is_continue = True
>     
>         # 继续方法
>         def run_continue(self):
>             self.is_continue = False
> 
> --------------------
> 
> **以上方法，仅供参考**
> 
> ⚠️**踩坑点：**
> 
> **1、画图之后，要用cla（）方法来清空图表内容！（否则会重叠！）**
> 
> **2、****线程开启后，关闭窗口，还会让窗口弹窗！（用fig的窗口关闭回调函数解决！）**
> 
>     # 清除当前坐标轴上的绘图内容，保留其他设置
>     plt.cla()
> 
> **?美化方法：**
> 
> **1、隐藏默认的工具栏**
> 
> **2、设置自己喜欢的样式**
> 
> **3、设置中文字体**
> 
> **4、当x轴数据过多时，隐藏其内容**
> 
> --------------------
> 
> **在主线程中，创建线程即可！**
> 
> **根据主线程的设置，可以控制画图线程的开启、暂停、继续、终止**
> 
>     # 画图线程
>     self.draw_thread = WorkerThread()
>     
>     # 线程开启
>     self.draw_thread.start()
>     
>     # 折线图继续
>     self.draw_thread.run_continue()  
>     
>     # 折线图暂停
>     self.draw_thread.pause()  
>     
>     # 停止画图线程
>     if self.draw_thread.isRunning():
>         print("画图线程退出")
>         self.draw_thread.stop()
>     
>     # 退出画图线程
>     self.draw_thread.quit()

> ## 四、美化的图表demo ##
> 
> ### 4.1、赛博朋克风格 ###
> 
>     # 安装库
>     pip install mplcyberpunk
> 
> **项目地址：[https://github.com/dhaitz/mplcyberpunk][https_github.com_dhaitz_mplcyberpunk]**
> 
> ![cf7416cb22b64d699df120bc040a7c46.png][]
> 
>     import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>     import mplcyberpunk
>     
>     # 添加样式 赛博朋克
>     plt.style.use("cyberpunk")
>     # plt显示中文
>     plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
>     # 隐藏默认的工具栏
>     plt.rcParams['toolbar'] = 'None'
>     
>     plt.figure("MTSP系统动态图表")
>     plt.xlabel('时间')
>     plt.ylabel('车流量/辆')
>     plt.title('实时流量折线图')
>     
>     plt.plot([1, 3, 9, 5, 2, 1, 1], marker='o')
>     plt.plot([4, 5, 5, 7, 9, 8, 6], marker='o')
>     
>     mplcyberpunk.add_glow_effects()
>     
>     plt.show()
> 
> --------------------
> 
> ### 4.2、其他风格仓库地址 ###
> 
> [GitHub - nschloe/matplotx: :bar\_chart: More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib:bar\_chart: More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib - GitHub - nschloe/matplotx: :bar\_chart: More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib![fluidicon.png][]https://github.com/nschloe/matplotx][GitHub - nschloe_matplotx_ _bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib_bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib - GitHub - nschloe_matplotx_ _bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib_fluidicon.png_https_github.com_nschloe_matplotx]![b34a40906f024765a78d475b2a05c617.png][]  
> [https://github.com/quantumblacklabs/qbstyles![icon-default.png?t=N6B9][icon-default.png_t_N6B9]https://github.com/quantumblacklabs/qbstyles][https_github.com_quantumblacklabs_qbstyles_icon-default.png_t_N6B9_icon-default.png_t_N6B9_https_github.com_quantumblacklabs_qbstyles]![2e860dd9291042d9ae8918a1d2fe27e4.png][]

**科学绘图**

> [GitHub - garrettj403/SciencePlots: Matplotlib styles for scientific plottingMatplotlib styles for scientific plotting. Contribute to garrettj403/SciencePlots development by creating an account on GitHub.![fluidicon.png][]https://github.com/garrettj403/SciencePlots][GitHub - garrettj403_SciencePlots_ Matplotlib styles for scientific plottingMatplotlib styles for scientific plotting. Contribute to garrettj403_SciencePlots development by creating an account on GitHub._fluidicon.png_https_github.com_garrettj403_SciencePlots]![228f13a74648414c91ec39fa7d1774c3.png][]

[apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/06/6f9c2871727e48dd975edc9fe2b74458.png
[4_Python_Matplotlib_ - _F_ Matplotlib_Python_ _Matplotlib_ _F_Matplotlib_Pytho_apple-touch-icon-152.81060cab.png_https_zhuanlan.zhihu.com_p_624890496]: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/624890496
[https_github.com_dhaitz_mplcyberpunk]: https://github.com/dhaitz/mplcyberpunk
[cf7416cb22b64d699df120bc040a7c46.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/06/b93ba4ac1988436f81176b3ca37eb6be.png
[fluidicon.png]: https://github.com/fluidicon.png
[GitHub - nschloe_matplotx_ _bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib_bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib - GitHub - nschloe_matplotx_ _bar_chart_ More styles and useful extensions for Matplotlib_fluidicon.png_https_github.com_nschloe_matplotx]: https://github.com/nschloe/matplotx
[b34a40906f024765a78d475b2a05c617.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/06/a5d30fa4807549da9aa96f9a05248ef8.png
[icon-default.png_t_N6B9]: https://csdnimg.cn/release/blog_editor_html/release2.3.5/ckeditor/plugins/CsdnLink/icons/icon-default.png?t=N6B9
[https_github.com_quantumblacklabs_qbstyles_icon-default.png_t_N6B9_icon-default.png_t_N6B9_https_github.com_quantumblacklabs_qbstyles]: https://github.com/quantumblacklabs/qbstyles
[2e860dd9291042d9ae8918a1d2fe27e4.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/06/01aa022412684f6990f01879dc95d9b5.png
[GitHub - garrettj403_SciencePlots_ Matplotlib styles for scientific plottingMatplotlib styles for scientific plotting. Contribute to garrettj403_SciencePlots development by creating an account on GitHub._fluidicon.png_https_github.com_garrettj403_SciencePlots]: https://github.com/garrettj403/SciencePlots
[228f13a74648414c91ec39fa7d1774c3.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/05/06/0be50f7543b64ef0b22e295f5d310713.png