RabbitMQ:路由模式

柔光的暖阳◎ 2024-04-21 08:08 174阅读 0赞

> #### ✨ RabbitMQ:路由模式 ####
> 
>  *  1.基本介绍
>  *  2.生产者
>  *  3.消费者
>  *  4.测试
>  *  
> 
>   
> **?个人主页:[不断前进的皮卡丘][Link 1]**  
> **?博客描述:梦想也许遥不可及，但重要的是追梦的过程，用博客记录自己的成长，记录自己一步一步向上攀登的印记**  
> **?个人专栏:[消息中间件][Link 2]**

## ![cf4f69e8bfb82b1e12f0bf19c4651d0b.png_crop_0_crop_0_crop_1_crop_1_from_url_id_JxXw0_margin_G_originHeight_324_originWidth_937_originalType_binary_ratio_1_rotation_0_showTitle_false_status_done_style_none_title][]1.基本介绍 ##

![image.png][]  
**在路由工作模式中，我们需要配置一个类型为direct的交换机，并且需要指定不同的路由键(routing key)，把对应的消息从交换机路由到不同的消息队列进行存储，由消费者进行消费。**

*  **P:生产者，向交换机发送消息的时候，会指定一个routing key**
 *  **X:Exchange(交换机),接收生产者的消息，然后把消息传递给和routing key完全匹配的队列**
 *  **C1:消费者，它所在队列指定了需要routing key为error的信息**
 *  **C2：消费者，其所在队列指定了需要routing key 为 info、error、warning 的消息**

> **路由模式的特点**  
> **队列和交换机的绑定是需要指定routing key的，不可以随意绑定**  
> **消息的发送方向交换机发送消息的时候，也需要指定消息的routing key**  
> **交换机不再把消息交给每一个绑定的队列，而是根据消息的routing key来进行判断，只有队列的routing key和消息的routing key完全一样才会接收到消息。**
> 
> --------------------

## 2.生产者 ##

public class Producer {
        
        public static String DIRECT_EXCHANGE = " direct_exchange";
        public static String DIRECT_QUEUE_1 = "direct_queue_1";
        public static String DIRECT_QUEUE_2 = "direct_queue_2";
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
            try {
        
                Channel channel = ConnectUtil.getChannel();
                //声明交换机(交换机名称，交换机类型)
                channel.exchangeDeclare(DIRECT_EXCHANGE, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT);
                //声明队列
                channel.queueDeclare(DIRECT_QUEUE_1,true,false,false,null);
                channel.queueDeclare(DIRECT_QUEUE_2,true,false,false,null);
                //把交换机和队列1进行绑定
                channel.queueBind(DIRECT_QUEUE_1,DIRECT_EXCHANGE,"error");
                //把交换机和队列2进行绑定
                channel.queueBind(DIRECT_QUEUE_2,DIRECT_EXCHANGE,"info");
                channel.queueBind(DIRECT_QUEUE_2,DIRECT_EXCHANGE,"error");
                channel.queueBind(DIRECT_QUEUE_2,DIRECT_EXCHANGE,"warning");
                //发送消息
                String msg="日志信息:调用了xxx方法，日志级别是info";
                 channel.basicPublish(DIRECT_EXCHANGE,"info",null,msg.getBytes());
                System.out.println("消息发送成功");
            } catch (IOException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
    
        }
    
    
    }

## 3.消费者 ##

**消费者1**

public class Consumer1 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
    
            try {
        
                //获取信道对象
                Channel channel = ConnectUtil.getChannel();
                //消费消息
                DefaultConsumer consumer=new DefaultConsumer(channel){
        
                    @Override
                    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        
                        System.out.println("消费者1接收到消息:"+new String(body,"UTF-8"));
                        System.out.println("消费者1把日志信息保存到数据库");
                    }
                };
                channel.basicConsume(Producer.DIRECT_QUEUE_1,true,consumer);
    
    
    
            } catch (IOException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

**消费者2**

public class Consumer2 {
        
        public static void main(String[] args) {
        
    
            try {
        
                //获取信道对象
                Channel channel = ConnectUtil.getChannel();
                //消费消息
                DefaultConsumer consumer=new DefaultConsumer(channel){
        
                    @Override
                    public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        
                        System.out.println("消费者2接收到消息:"+new String(body,"UTF-8"));
                        System.out.println("消费者2把日志信息输出到控制台");
                    }
                };
                channel.basicConsume(Producer.DIRECT_QUEUE_2,true,consumer);
    
    
    
            } catch (IOException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
        
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

## 4.测试 ##

![image.png][image.png 1]  
![image.png][image.png 2]  
**第一次测试，发送日志级别为info的信息**  
![image.png][image.png 3]  
![image.png][image.png 4]  
![image.png][image.png 5]  
**第二次测试，发送日志级别为error的信息**  
![image.png][image.png 6]  
![image.png][image.png 7]

##  ##

[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52797170?spm=1010.2135.3001.5343
[Link 2]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52797170/category_12026287.html?spm=1001.2014.3001.5482
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[image.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/caa3ecb64303480196afcaa18524e6c3.png
[image.png 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/4c2c1f9151554dc8b23a95cb53f733ce.png
[image.png 2]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/a1905a6f134d48ffa31ee931d7494039.png
[image.png 3]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/44acb50d3c334d87b84052426798c162.png
[image.png 4]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/07db053f4355480fa077e7ac88610905.png
[image.png 5]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/7a32187fbe9b4ee39901af14afaddeb7.png
[image.png 6]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/18b18a80ea594df19c0aae8f99149fc6.png
[image.png 7]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/21/e839a8c075a84047818885240b3edb25.png