关于硬盘分区

矫情吗；* 2024-04-17 05:57 173阅读 0赞

## 1.一块硬盘的分区结构 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## 2.关于分区表 ##

### 2.1分区表的位置 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

### 2.1分区表的内容 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]  
**给磁盘的分区，实质就是改变 0磁头0磁道1扇区 里面64字节里的分区表信息**

## 3.关于主引导记录MBR ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

## 4.用od读取关于主引导记录的二进制信息（也就是读取0磁头0磁道1扇区的信息） ##

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/sda of=mbr.bin bs=512 count=1
    [root@localhost ~]# od -xa mbr.bin

**注意：可以用dd来备份主引导记录和分区信息**  
细节：

[root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/sda of=mbr.bin bs=512 count=1
    1+0 records in
    1+0 records out
    512 bytes (512 B) copied, 0.000192056 s, 2.7 MB/s
    [root@localhost ~]# ll
    total 108
    -rw-------. 1 root root  3314 Jul 11 17:45 anaconda-ks.cfg
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Desktop
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Documents
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Downloads
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 41364 Jul 11 17:45 install.log
    -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14727 Jul 11 17:45 install.log.syslog
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root   512 Aug 25 09:47 mbr.bin
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Music
    -rw-r--r--  1 root root    71 Aug  9 21:00 person.txt
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Pictures
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Public
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Templates
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 Jul 11 17:59 Videos
    [root@localhost ~]# od -xa mbr.bin 
    0000000    48eb    1090    d08e    00bc    b8b0    0000    d88e    c08e
              k   H dle dle  so   P   < nul   0   8 nul nul  so   X  so   @
    0000020    befb    7c00    00bf    b906    0200    a4f3    21ea    0006
              {    > nul   |   ? nul ack   9 nul stx   s   $   j   ! ack nul
    0000040    be00    07be    0438    0b75    c683    8110    fefe    7507
            nul   >   > bel   8 eot   u  vt etx   F dle soh   ~   ~ bel   u
    0000060    ebf3    b416    b002    bb01    7c00    80b2    748a    0203
              s   k syn   4 stx   0 soh   ; nul   |   2 nul  nl   t etx stx
    0000100    0080    8000    89fc    0004    0800    90fa    f690    80c2
            nul nul nul nul   |  ht eot nul nul  bs   z dle dle   v   B nul
    0000120    0275    80b2    59ea    007c    3100    8ec0    8ed8    bcd0
              u stx   2 nul   j   Y   | nul nul   1   @  so   X  so   P   <
    0000140    2000    a0fb    7c40    ff3c    0274    c288    f652    80c2
            nul  sp   {   sp   @   |   < del   t stx  bs   B   R   v   B nul
    0000160    5474    41b4    aabb    cd55    5a13    7252    8149    55fb
              t   T   4   A   ;   *   U   M dc3   Z   R   r   I soh   {    U
    0000200    75aa    a043    7c41    c084    0575    e183    7401    6637
              *   u   C  sp   A   | eot   @   u enq etx   a soh   t   7   f
    0000220    4c8b    be10    7c05    44c6    01ff    8b66    441e    c77c
             vt   L dle   > enq   |   F   D del soh   f  vt  rs   D   |   G
    0000240    1004    c700    0244    0001    8966    085c    44c7    0006
            eot dle nul   G   D stx soh nul   f  ht   \  bs   G   D ack nul
    0000260    6670    c031    4489    6604    4489    b40c    cd42    7213
              p   f   1   @  ht   D eot   f  ht   D  ff   4   B   M dc3   r
    0000300    bb05    7000    7deb    08b4    13cd    0a73    c2f6    0f80
            enq   ; nul   p   k   }   4  bs   M dc3   s  nl   v   B nul  si
    0000320    f084    e900    008d    05be    c67c    ff44    6600    c031
            eot   p nul   i  cr nul   > enq   |   F   D del nul   f   1   @
    0000340    f088    6640    4489    3104    88d2    c1ca    02e2    e888
             bs   p   @   f  ht   D eot   1   R  bs   J   A   b stx  bs   h
    0000360    f488    8940    0844    c031    d088    e8c0    6602    0489
             bs   t   @  ht   D  bs   1   @  bs   P   @   h stx   f  ht eot
    0000400    a166    7c44    3166    66d2    34f7    5488    660a    d231
              f   !   D   |   f   1   R   f   w   4  bs   T  nl   f   1   R
    0000420    f766    0474    5488    890b    0c44    443b    7d08    8a3c
              f   w   t eot  bs   T  vt  ht   D  ff   ;   D  bs   }   <  nl
    0000440    0d54    e2c0    8a06    0a4c    c1fe    d108    6c8a    5a0c
              T  cr   @   b ack  nl   L  nl   ~   A  bs   Q  nl   l  ff   Z
    0000460    748a    bb0b    7000    c38e    db31    01b8    cd02    7213
             nl   t  vt   ; nul   p  so   C   1   [   8 soh stx   M dc3   r
    0000500    8c2a    8ec3    4806    607c    b91e    0100    db8e    f631
              *  ff   C  so ack   H   |   `  rs   9 nul soh  so   [   1   v
    0000520    ff31    f3fc    1fa5    ff61    4226    be7c    7d7f    40e8
              1 del   |   s   %  us   a del   &   B   |   > del   }   h   @
    0000540    eb00    be0e    7d84    38e8    eb00    be06    7d8e    30e8
            nul   k  so   > eot   }   h   8 nul   k ack   >  so   }   h   0
    0000560    be00    7d93    2ae8    eb00    47fe    5552    2042    4700
            nul   > dc3   }   h   * nul   k   ~   G   R   U   B  sp nul   G
    0000600    6f65    006d    6148    6472    4420    7369    006b    6552
              e   o   m nul   H   a   r   d  sp   D   i   s   k nul   R   e
    0000620    6461    2000    7245    6f72    0072    01bb    b400    cd0e
              a   d nul  sp   E   r   r   o   r nul   ; soh nul   4  so   M
    0000640    ac10    003c    f475    00c3    0000    0000    0000    0000
            dle   ,   < nul   u   t   C nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul
    0000660    0000    0000    0000    0000    4e05    0007    0000    2080
            nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul enq   N bel nul nul nul nul  sp
    0000700    0021    5e83    2638    0800    0000    6000    0009    5e00
              ! nul etx   ^   8   & nul  bs nul nul nul   `  ht nul nul   ^
    0000720    2639    fe83    ffff    6800    0009    9800    0236    fe00
              9   & etx   ~ del del nul   h  ht nul nul can   6 stx nul   ~
    0000740    ffff    fe82    ffff    0000    0240    0000    0040    0000
            del del stx   ~ del del nul nul   @ stx nul nul   @ nul nul nul
    0000760    0000    0000    0000    0000    0000    0000    0000    aa55
            nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul nul   U   *
    0001000
    [root@localhost ~]#

## 5.磁盘分区的重点 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190825100714441.png]

### 5.1主分区Primary ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]

### 5.2 拓展分区Extended ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]

### 5.3 逻辑分区logical ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]

### 5.4磁盘分区注意事项要点 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]

## 6.关于磁盘分区的几个问题范例 ##

**例1：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190825102645558.png]  
**答案：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]  
**例2：**  
![在这里插入图片描述][20190825103428539.png]  
**例3**  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]

## 7.磁盘分区的设备名 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]

#### 注意： ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]

#### 7.1 linux系统对分区的要求 ####

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]

[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/e5c22e4f767e4b68a0d9b34f7ec1157b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/4e33f96da8604984b5c7fcb389ad7a29.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/3e9553c6cdd54b8aadd66619f196a04d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/e28a3b3ef92c4f2db5a2d5643914a207.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/2dbf3ecb90134503a9fcd4718c82e973.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/403319dc20bf429182c654c51e5d195b.png
[20190825100714441.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/f4ee6154290c457aaa28bba60fdb1793.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/e013e0f8d8124775a055fd5a1b7e0bbe.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/4cb867e3c2bf4049b949d864193cca0e.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/a41885488a6846ad83cd9f56a6a21aa1.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/77689c4c201b4ebdb0d4b98f31308f07.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/0928afa32b444fada31530ef1338991d.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/53f8cee46bed413ab156187055bd1c0d.png
[20190825102645558.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/c6d32e1779194b23aadc52821a7bd8f8.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/f978c8abb893486d97d2dda06321606b.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/915b39687539418a9347ea54d139715f.png
[20190825103428539.png]: https://image.dandelioncloud.cn/pgy_files/images/2024/04/11/a1e88463cb2b42018b32d03851884215.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190825103737698.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190825103832584.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190825104255135.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190825104509242.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3dlaXhpbl80MjE5MzQ4OQ==,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70