Docker操作镜像相关命令

小鱼儿 2024-03-17 17:53 215阅读 0赞

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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image ##查看docker命令</span></code></td> 
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docker image search 搜索镜像, 优先选官方,stars数量多（尽量不选择第三方镜像）

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   <td><code>第三方镜像不支持搜索，特点是特别长。</code></td> 
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   <td><code>官方仓库地址：https://hub.docker.com/</code></td> 
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   <td><code>官方仓库 官方镜像 nginx:alpine</code></td> 
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   <td><code>官方仓库 用户上传镜像 t29617342/nginx:alpine</code></td> 
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   <td><code>第三方仓库 用户上传镜像 docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/library/nginx:alpine</code></td> 
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docker image pull 拉取镜像(下载镜像)，注意版本

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docker pull nginx ==> docker pull nginx:latest（默认最新版，也可以手动接版本，例如上图）

###### **docker image push \#\#推送镜像(上传镜像)** ######

后面在讲，讲到仓库的时候，因为用的不多，用pull比较多

docker image save \#\#导出镜像

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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image save docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/library/nginx:alpine -o docker_alpine_nginx.tar.gz</span></code></td> 
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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># scp -rp docker_alpine_nginx.tar.gz root@10.0.0.12:/root</span></code></td> 
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docker image load \#\#导入镜像

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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image load -i docker_alpine_nginx.tar.gz </span></code></td> 
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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker images （导入成功后可以看到本地有这个镜像）</span></code></td> 
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   <td><code>docker的导入导出功能可以节省很多流量带宽，不用连接官方镜像</code></td> 
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   <td><code>docker image import也是导入镜像，与docker image load -i的区别在于import导入的镜像没有名字和标签，只有镜像<span style="color:#0000ff;">id</span>。所以一般不使用import</code></td> 
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###### **但是如果出现docker load -i导入报错可以使用以下命令** ######

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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># cat prometheus-2.28.0-rc.0.linux-arm64.tar.gz |docker import - prometheus-2.28.0:prometheus</span></code></td> 
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###### **问题分析** ######

查阅资料发现这个由于 docker load 和 docker import 的区别导致.  
因为压缩包如果是用 docker save 打包的，就可以用 docker load，但是如果压缩包是用 docker export 打包的，那就需要用 docker import

###### **docker images ==> docker image ls \#\#查看镜像列表** ######

###### **docker image rmi 删除镜像（可以用id来删除镜像，也可以用名字）** ######

docker rmi ==> docker image rm

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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image rmi a6eb2a334a9f</span></code></td> 
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###### **docker image tag 给镜像打标签** ######

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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image tag c726843aceca oldzhang:v2.0</span></code></td> 
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###### **不接版本号的话默认是latest** ######

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###### **同个镜像可以多个名字，其实都是一个镜像，类似于lLinux里的硬链接** ######

###### **docker image prune \#\#清理无效镜像** ######

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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image prune</span></code></td> 
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#### **生产环境中如何批量的导入镜像以提高工作效率，节省时间？？** ####

用for循环来批量导入即可！

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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># for n in `ls *.tar.gz`;do docker load -i $n ;done</span></code></td> 
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###### **为什么3个tar包导入了6个镜像？是怎么做到的呢？** ######

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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker save --help（直接回车）</span></code></td> 
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###### **演示：（可以使用tab键）** ######

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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker save -o daoker_test.tar.gz nginx:latest centos:7</span></code></td> 
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   <td><code>这么做的目的是什么？</code></td> 
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   <td><code>当然是为了节省流量了，可以把打包好的镜像给02机器推送过去</code></td> 
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   <td><code>[root@docker01 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># scp -rp docker_test.tar.gz root@172.16.1.12:/root</span></code></td> 
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   <td><code>[root@docker02 ~]<span style="color:#008000;"># docker image load -i docker_test.tar.gz </span></code></td> 
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   <td><code><span style="color:#008000;">#这时就会发现是一个tar包导入两个镜像</span></code></td> 
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