LoadRunner使用教程

拼搏现实的明天。 2023-10-13 21:28 18阅读 0赞

## 1. LoadRunner简介 ##

LoadRunner是一款广泛使用的性能测试工具

可以对各种应用程序进行性能测试，包括Web应用程序、移动应用程序、企业级应用程序等。它提供了一个综合的性能测试解决方案，包括测试计划设计、脚本录制、测试执行、结果分析和报告生成等功能。

主要有以下几个核心组件：

1.  Virtual User Generator（虚拟用户产生器）：用于**录制和编辑性能测试脚本**。通过模拟用户的行为来捕获用户与应用程序之间的交互操作。
2.  Controller：用于**设置测试场景和配置虚拟用户的行为**。可以模拟不同的负载模式、并发用户数量和事务执行时间等。
3.  Load Generators：用于模拟实际用户的虚拟用户，并产生负载。可以在多台物理或虚拟机器上分布负载。
4.  Analysis：用于**收集和分析测试执行期间的性能数据。提供图表、统计数据和报告**，以便深入了解应用程序的性能状况。

## 2.Virtual User Generator基础使用 ##

### 1.了解webtours系统 ###

如何启动？

![e917eb5cddd74388bfb6dc54e9f90cd2.png][]

双击

![cae640262fa0439eabc13b76328b1cc4.png][]

配置

有了ip还需要port才能访问成功，在配置文件中查看port

![e25cfd92232841ce8c0c78732737298b.png][]

![eae27ce148f24e7eaa227dbe9090de0c.png][]

![69970b79e03448bea1547ba50c760210.png][]

### 2.脚本录制 ###

打开VUG

![d5b49f66435e42d095ece436f775c957.png][]

如何确定协议？找开发沟通

录制

![4a5d55d94bea4c539035eaecaf7241ad.png][]

![e7b7a426558d422b8d6803abb1f789b8.png][]

开始录制![981980b0412e47158b1620a0ef6ca27e.png][]

![4669651c0a194a0386949595fd3bad2b.png][]

有时需要将无关代码删除

### 3.编译 ###

![a482ec52b78d4751a69092ade1139c60.png][]

![c19094c9e2b8417887e67fe1a910367d.png][]

### 4.运行（回放） ###

![77cbaa5f407d4f3198cc2a56e596bded.png][]

打印日志：

Virtual User Script started at : 2023/7/21 8:42:35
    Starting action vuser_init.
    Web Turbo Replay of LoadRunner 12.0.0 for Windows 8; build 2739 (Nov 30 2014 23:13:05)  	[MsgId: MMSG-27143]
    Run mode: HTML  	[MsgId: MMSG-26993]
    Run-Time Settings file: "C:\Users\陈昌良\Documents\VuGen\Scripts\WebHttpHtml1\\default.cfg"  	[MsgId: MMSG-27141]
    Ending action vuser_init.
    Running Vuser...
    Starting iteration 1.
    Maximum number of concurrent connections per server: 6  	[MsgId: MMSG-26989]
    Starting action Action.
    Action.c(4): web_url("WebTours") started  	[MsgId: MMSG-26355]
    Action.c(4): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/header.html" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(4): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/welcome.pl?signOff=true" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(4): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/hp_logo.png" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/header.html"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(4): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/webtours.png" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/header.html"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(4): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?in=home" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/welcome.pl?signOff=true"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(4): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/home.html" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/welcome.pl?signOff=true"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(4): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/mer_login.gif" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?in=home"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(4): web_url("WebTours") was successful, 10080 body bytes, 2371 header bytes, 24 chunking overhead bytes  	[MsgId: MMSG-26385]
    Action.c(15): web_submit_form("login.pl") started  	[MsgId: MMSG-26355]
    Action.c(15): Submitting form to "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl", Target Frame="body"  	[MsgId: MMSG-27978]
    Action.c(15): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?username=Test&password=123456" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(15): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/error.pl?error=badPassword" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(15): Resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/mer_login.gif" is in the cache already and will not be downloaded again  	[MsgId: MMSG-26655]
    Action.c(15): web_submit_form("login.pl") was successful, 2984 body bytes, 698 header bytes, 36 chunking overhead bytes  	[MsgId: MMSG-26385]
    Action.c(26): web_submit_form("login.pl_2") started  	[MsgId: MMSG-26355]
    Action.c(26): Submitting form to "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl", Target Frame="body"  	[MsgId: MMSG-27978]
    Action.c(26): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(26): Detected non-resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl?intro=true" in "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/login.pl"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26574]
    Action.c(26): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/flights.gif" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(26): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/itinerary.gif" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(26): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/in_home.gif" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(26): Found resource "http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/images/signoff.gif" in HTML "http://192.168.1.7:1080/cgi-bin/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home"  	[MsgId: MMSG-26659]
    Action.c(26): web_submit_form("login.pl_2") was successful, 5780 body bytes, 2044 header bytes, 36 chunking overhead bytes  	[MsgId: MMSG-26385]
    Ending action Action.
    Ending iteration 1.
    Ending Vuser...
    Starting action vuser_end.
    Ending action vuser_end.
    Vuser Terminated.

思考时间可以设置![d70e0364568e4e97867409c1b75a2461.png][]

### 5.脚本增强 ###

如何加强脚本

#### 事务插入 ####

函数：

lr\_start\_transcation("login") 开始事务

lr\_end\_transaction("login", LR\_AUTO);结束事务

![489cbcb12b414dbf9f5daa0424af124f.png][]

注意：事务必须有开始，有结束。缺一不可，会报错，名称也必须匹配

点击运行

![1b6dc1df09c44f3eb41686ef400032b1.png][]

事务的开始和结束

#### 插入集合点 ####

集合是什么？

在loadrunner为了达到并发这样的机制，引入了集合

让所有用户同时发起请求，等到所有用户都发出了，才向下执行脚本

> lr\_rendezvous("rendzous1");

![29e7be5f067d4a979433883c845b8153.png][]

#### 插入检查点 ####

属于注册函数，需要放在URL之前才会生效，

函数：web\_reg\_find();

![e825974743784d8e956d8103af436472.png][]

![4c0130e1f85540deae51aa0ff4ebee19.png][]

#### 参数化 ####

![b8bdee1433a64da88d177482c77a696f.png][]

![e217879bf90f4b75ba5988382a5013f1.png][]

![0f17e4c7a6bb428593e58d15041b5801.png][]

还可以添加参数

![bbee73c333ba405f8c9b9f411d716fb1.png][]![91e0e3299f504254bace44f5abc2d12b.png][]

![7f85a41e2969447ab119f66bd4037787.png][]

![9059f282a6fe46498de1b37e64586548.png][]

运行：

![86391407928942528806cc8f654b68be.png][]

![c6012481c58542a2bb14373daf385301.png][]

#### 打印相关日志 ####

函数：lr\_log\_message("打印内容");

Action()
    {
    
    	web_url("WebTours", 
    		"URL=http://192.168.1.7:1080/WebTours/", 
    		"Resource=0", 
    		"RecContentType=text/html", 
    		"Referer=", 
    		"Snapshot=t1.inf", 
    		"Mode=HTML", 
    		LAST);
    
    	
    
    	lr_think_time(15);
    
    	lr_rendezvous("rendzous1");
    
    	lr_start_transaction("login");
    	//一百万用户到达这个点后才进行向下执行
    	web_submit_form("login.pl", 
    		"Snapshot=t2.inf", 
    		ITEMDATA, 
    		"Name=username", "Value=Test", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=password", "Value=123456", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=login.x", "Value=43", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=login.y", "Value=9", ENDITEM, 
    		LAST);
    
    	lr_think_time(7);
    
    	lr_end_transaction("login", LR_AUTO);
    	
    	web_reg_find("Fail=NotFound",
    		"Search=All",
    		"SaveCount=",
    		"Text=Welcome",
    		LAST);
    	
    
    	web_submit_form("login.pl_2", 
    		"Snapshot=t3.inf", 
    		ITEMDATA, 
    		"Name=username", "Value={username}", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=password", "Value={password}", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=login.x", "Value=51", ENDITEM, 
    		"Name=login.y", "Value=5", ENDITEM, 
    		LAST);
    	
    	lr_log_message("登录成功！");
    
    	return 0;
    }

![e96897197d3948bba90ff3be00ff91ad.png][]

## 3.Controller的基础使用 ##

Controller功能：用来设计测试场景

通过Controller设计简单的测试场景，简单的分析性能测试报告

Controlletonr打开方式：通过VUG打开或者双击直接打开

![8c0a83f41f85496cae7687d39f1d4b69.png][]

![3774022d5a3c4f328b5c0af958a05db9.png][]

![9d4121c248e24b65a49bb90596e01d7f.png][]

这种就是VUG打开，直接打开方式：

![097493ba0e11479287a34025201aa264.png][]

将左侧需要的导入点Ok即可

### 设置场景 ###

![cba0f607d7564b0ca94f63729ce3e2cc.png][]

![e12cf99b954947b5863bb8a59e4e4b51.png][]

### 虚拟用户交流表![ca7d3a49dcd6456db14799a2f91d0361.png][] ###

![9f09593d529a487eabde7d27ab24c1b5.png][]

开启这些服务 ，才能检测windows资源

![3f242eed288445f493e8dffeadb31261.png][]

![6ecd0223192a4294ae225278957c20c7.png][]

添加监视

![af28fd61c412492793ef122b9700dca9.png][]

![94e957fd2f544e21b1a4b00514e1fc0b.png][]

![aed6bee7ff384e2fbdfda8b0eec369f0.png][]

### 运行场景 ###

这里需要注意这个软件的BUG，需要点击view，show available graphs，然后点击右上方的 调整窗口大小 的按钮 才能显示出下列图表

![2371e37d7adc41d98ee3eb9b6a61eb8a.png][]![4596071789a24c66aafb8703c229ad2c.png][]

一些放大图表

![39a71eded4d7488a88af5878617d4c59.png][]![acb4a92985ea4b08b5fdd1e99c6dc5b9.png][]

## 4.Analysis基础使用 ##

先勾选运行完场景后自动生成测试报告

![fb8bfd1d658149c5a23d0e236b9c21e5.png][]

将运行时间改短一些，然后运行等待，自动生成测试报告

分为两部分

### 汇总报告 ###

![0fd0f108ff824d57ac630d807a3dc5bf.png][]

这是汇总报告，下面是图表

### 图表 ###

![74c45e8e651947309f9c2f9e3d909df9.png][]

![f2fa19c6642a46efb058a07f91fff714.png][] ![f285e83cb8df4a28b85fc8063670c5c1.png][]

![c4c0e3daee8549c88ca4ee0cde5f26e0.png][]

![a71b9d98c34a4a098f783bef406ba42e.png][]

![fa891657104940ab9274461d6172fbdf.png][]

要查看其他指标的图，可以添加

![4bea77b34806422e8c9d3eb1ff6784fc.png][]

添加虚拟用户汇总表

![a85bae28f55d4785b7a374e8b8f9c0db.png][]

![4150d3bc811f4122b347f62de074b78d.png][] 合并其他表（点击率和吞吐量）

![8940db68a26d452f968ad8462fb8766b.png][] 趋势大致相同，就没什么问题（点击在吞吐量之前，先请求才会有吞吐量。并且趋势大致相同 ）

![e0d85f17ac004792a5ce27d1ba406d3d.png][]

[e917eb5cddd74388bfb6dc54e9f90cd2.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e917eb5cddd74388bfb6dc54e9f90cd2.png
[cae640262fa0439eabc13b76328b1cc4.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/cae640262fa0439eabc13b76328b1cc4.png
[e25cfd92232841ce8c0c78732737298b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e25cfd92232841ce8c0c78732737298b.png
[eae27ce148f24e7eaa227dbe9090de0c.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/eae27ce148f24e7eaa227dbe9090de0c.png
[69970b79e03448bea1547ba50c760210.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/69970b79e03448bea1547ba50c760210.png
[d5b49f66435e42d095ece436f775c957.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d5b49f66435e42d095ece436f775c957.png
[4a5d55d94bea4c539035eaecaf7241ad.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4a5d55d94bea4c539035eaecaf7241ad.png
[e7b7a426558d422b8d6803abb1f789b8.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e7b7a426558d422b8d6803abb1f789b8.png
[981980b0412e47158b1620a0ef6ca27e.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/981980b0412e47158b1620a0ef6ca27e.png
[4669651c0a194a0386949595fd3bad2b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4669651c0a194a0386949595fd3bad2b.png
[a482ec52b78d4751a69092ade1139c60.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/a482ec52b78d4751a69092ade1139c60.png
[c19094c9e2b8417887e67fe1a910367d.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c19094c9e2b8417887e67fe1a910367d.png
[77cbaa5f407d4f3198cc2a56e596bded.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/77cbaa5f407d4f3198cc2a56e596bded.png
[d70e0364568e4e97867409c1b75a2461.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d70e0364568e4e97867409c1b75a2461.png
[489cbcb12b414dbf9f5daa0424af124f.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/489cbcb12b414dbf9f5daa0424af124f.png
[1b6dc1df09c44f3eb41686ef400032b1.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/1b6dc1df09c44f3eb41686ef400032b1.png
[29e7be5f067d4a979433883c845b8153.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/29e7be5f067d4a979433883c845b8153.png
[e825974743784d8e956d8103af436472.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e825974743784d8e956d8103af436472.png
[4c0130e1f85540deae51aa0ff4ebee19.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4c0130e1f85540deae51aa0ff4ebee19.png
[b8bdee1433a64da88d177482c77a696f.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/b8bdee1433a64da88d177482c77a696f.png
[e217879bf90f4b75ba5988382a5013f1.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e217879bf90f4b75ba5988382a5013f1.png
[0f17e4c7a6bb428593e58d15041b5801.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/0f17e4c7a6bb428593e58d15041b5801.png
[bbee73c333ba405f8c9b9f411d716fb1.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/bbee73c333ba405f8c9b9f411d716fb1.png
[91e0e3299f504254bace44f5abc2d12b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/91e0e3299f504254bace44f5abc2d12b.png
[7f85a41e2969447ab119f66bd4037787.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/7f85a41e2969447ab119f66bd4037787.png
[9059f282a6fe46498de1b37e64586548.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9059f282a6fe46498de1b37e64586548.png
[86391407928942528806cc8f654b68be.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/86391407928942528806cc8f654b68be.png
[c6012481c58542a2bb14373daf385301.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c6012481c58542a2bb14373daf385301.png
[e96897197d3948bba90ff3be00ff91ad.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e96897197d3948bba90ff3be00ff91ad.png
[8c0a83f41f85496cae7687d39f1d4b69.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/8c0a83f41f85496cae7687d39f1d4b69.png
[3774022d5a3c4f328b5c0af958a05db9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/3774022d5a3c4f328b5c0af958a05db9.png
[9d4121c248e24b65a49bb90596e01d7f.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9d4121c248e24b65a49bb90596e01d7f.png
[097493ba0e11479287a34025201aa264.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/097493ba0e11479287a34025201aa264.png
[cba0f607d7564b0ca94f63729ce3e2cc.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/cba0f607d7564b0ca94f63729ce3e2cc.png
[e12cf99b954947b5863bb8a59e4e4b51.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e12cf99b954947b5863bb8a59e4e4b51.png
[ca7d3a49dcd6456db14799a2f91d0361.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/ca7d3a49dcd6456db14799a2f91d0361.png
[9f09593d529a487eabde7d27ab24c1b5.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/9f09593d529a487eabde7d27ab24c1b5.png
[3f242eed288445f493e8dffeadb31261.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/3f242eed288445f493e8dffeadb31261.png
[6ecd0223192a4294ae225278957c20c7.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6ecd0223192a4294ae225278957c20c7.png
[af28fd61c412492793ef122b9700dca9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/af28fd61c412492793ef122b9700dca9.png
[94e957fd2f544e21b1a4b00514e1fc0b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/94e957fd2f544e21b1a4b00514e1fc0b.png
[aed6bee7ff384e2fbdfda8b0eec369f0.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/aed6bee7ff384e2fbdfda8b0eec369f0.png
[2371e37d7adc41d98ee3eb9b6a61eb8a.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2371e37d7adc41d98ee3eb9b6a61eb8a.png
[4596071789a24c66aafb8703c229ad2c.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4596071789a24c66aafb8703c229ad2c.png
[39a71eded4d7488a88af5878617d4c59.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/39a71eded4d7488a88af5878617d4c59.png
[acb4a92985ea4b08b5fdd1e99c6dc5b9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/acb4a92985ea4b08b5fdd1e99c6dc5b9.png
[fb8bfd1d658149c5a23d0e236b9c21e5.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/fb8bfd1d658149c5a23d0e236b9c21e5.png
[0fd0f108ff824d57ac630d807a3dc5bf.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/0fd0f108ff824d57ac630d807a3dc5bf.png
[74c45e8e651947309f9c2f9e3d909df9.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/74c45e8e651947309f9c2f9e3d909df9.png
[f2fa19c6642a46efb058a07f91fff714.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f2fa19c6642a46efb058a07f91fff714.png
[f285e83cb8df4a28b85fc8063670c5c1.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f285e83cb8df4a28b85fc8063670c5c1.png
[c4c0e3daee8549c88ca4ee0cde5f26e0.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/c4c0e3daee8549c88ca4ee0cde5f26e0.png
[a71b9d98c34a4a098f783bef406ba42e.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/a71b9d98c34a4a098f783bef406ba42e.png
[fa891657104940ab9274461d6172fbdf.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/fa891657104940ab9274461d6172fbdf.png
[4bea77b34806422e8c9d3eb1ff6784fc.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4bea77b34806422e8c9d3eb1ff6784fc.png
[a85bae28f55d4785b7a374e8b8f9c0db.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/a85bae28f55d4785b7a374e8b8f9c0db.png
[4150d3bc811f4122b347f62de074b78d.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/4150d3bc811f4122b347f62de074b78d.png
[8940db68a26d452f968ad8462fb8766b.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/8940db68a26d452f968ad8462fb8766b.png
[e0d85f17ac004792a5ce27d1ba406d3d.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/e0d85f17ac004792a5ce27d1ba406d3d.png