机器视觉实验三工件尺寸和面积测量

怼烎@ 2023-10-04 12:31 30阅读 0赞

## 【实验目的】 ##

#### 1.掌握工业零件尺寸和面积测量原理 ####

#### 2.掌握利用Matlab进行编程实现工业零件尺寸和面积测量的方法 ####

#### 3.掌握复杂机器视觉软件系统的设计方法 ####

## 【实验内容】 ##

#### 1.利用Matlab对标准工业零件图像和自建工业零件图像进行尺寸测量 ####

#### 2.利用Matlab对标准工业零件图像和自建工业零件图像进行面积测量 ####

## 【实验要求】 ##

#### 1.写出实现工业零件尺寸和面积测量的Matlab源代码 ####

#### 2.对测量结果进行统计和误差分析 ####

## 实验程序 ##

function varargout = Area(varargin)
    % AREA M-file for Area.fig
    %      AREA, by itself, creates a new AREA or raises the existing
    %      singleton*.
    %
    %      H = AREA returns the handle to a new AREA or the handle to
    %      the existing singleton*.
    %
    %      AREA('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
    %      function named CALLBACK in AREA.M with the given input arguments.
    %
    %      AREA('Property','Value',...) creates a new AREA or raises the
    %      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
    %      applied to the GUI before Area_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
    %      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
    %      stop.  All inputs are passed to Area_OpeningFcn via varargin.
    %
    %      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
    %      instance to run (singleton)".
    %
    % See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
    
    % Edit the above text to modify the response to help Area
    
    % Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 16-May-2011 21:00:46
    
    % Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
    gui_Singleton = 1;
    gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                       'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                       'gui_OpeningFcn', @Area_OpeningFcn, ...
                       'gui_OutputFcn',  @Area_OutputFcn, ...
                       'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                       'gui_Callback',   []);
    if nargin && ischar(varargin{
        1})
        gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{
        1});
    end
    
    if nargout
        [varargout{
        1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{
        :});
    else
        gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{
        :});
    end
    % End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
    
    
    % --- Executes just before Area is made visible.
    function Area_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
    % This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
    % hObject    handle to figure
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    % varargin   command line arguments to Area (see VARARGIN)
    
    % Choose default command line output for Area
    handles.output = hObject;
    
    % Update handles structure
    guidata(hObject, handles);
    
    % UIWAIT makes Area wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
    % uiwait(handles.figure1);
    
    
    % --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
    function varargout = Area_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
    % varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
    % hObject    handle to figure
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    
    % Get default command line output from handles structure
    varargout{
        1} = handles.output;
    
    
    % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
    
    function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA) 
    
    %设置全局变量，可以在另外的函数中使用它们
    global im;
    global l1
    global l2
    %选择图片路径
     [filename,pathname]=...
         uigetfile({
        '*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.tif';'*.png';'*.JPG'},'图片选择');
     
    %合成路径+文件名
    str=[pathname,filename];
    
    %没有选择任何文件，报错对话框
      L=length(filename);
      if L<5
          errordlg('You do not choose any image','Notice');
          return;
      end;
    test=filename(1,L-3:L);
      if test=='.jpg'|test=='.bmp'|test=='.tif'|test=='.png'|test=='.JPG'
            %读取图片
            im=imread(str);
            %关键，指定axes1为当前显示区域
            axes(handles.axes1);
            %显示图片
            imshow(im);
            [m,n]=size(im);
            inter_x = m*0.6;
            inter_y = n*0.071;
            text(inter_x, inter_y, [sprintf('%1f'),'原图像'],...
           'Color','g','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');
    
      else 
              warndlg('format wrong','warn');%格式错误，警告
              return;
      end;
    prompt={
        '输入参照物序号：','输入参照物面积：'};%设置提示字符串
                   name='参数设置';%设置标题
                   numlines=1;%指定输入数据的行数
                   defAns={
        '1','283.5287'};%设定默认值
                   Resize='on';%设定对话框尺寸可调节
                  a=inputdlg(prompt,name,numlines,defAns,'on');%创建输入对话框
            l2=str2num(a{
        1});%获取对话框中的第一个参数
            l1=str2num(a{
        2});%获取对话框中的第二个参数
     
     
      % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
      
    function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global l1
    global l2
    global im
    global P
    str=get(hObject,'string');
    axes(handles.axes2);
    hd=rgb2gray(im);%灰度化,被灰度化的图像必须是rgb的
    ad=imadjust(hd,stretchlim(hd),[]); %图像增强
    x=graythresh(ad);%计算图像的最佳阈值
    J=im2bw(hd,x);%图像二值化
    P=medfilt2(J,[5,5]);%对二值化图像进行中值滤波[5,5]
    [L, num] = bwlabel(P, 8);%8连通域的标记
    
    STATS=regionprops(L, 'all');
    for i=1:num
        area(i)=STATS(i).Area ; %计算各区域的像素点。
    end ;
    M1=area
    for i=1:num
            M=M1*(l1/area(l2));
    end;
    imshow(L);
    
    %鼠标点击事件
    for i=1:num
    ginput(1);%鼠标点击图片得到坐标值
    [x,y]=ginput(1);
    x=floor(x);%将得到的坐标值转换成整数
    y=floor(y);
    s=L(y,x);
     if s==l2
        text(x,y, [sprintf('%1.3f',M(s)),'mm2'],...
           'Color','r','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');% 参照物的显示面积为红色
     else  
        text(x,y, [sprintf('%1.3f_%d',M(s),s)],...
           'Color','b','FontSize',10,'FontWeight','bold');% 被测工件显示的面积为蓝色
    end;
    end;
    [fn,pn,fid]=uiputfile('.txt','Save selected a txt-file');%创建txt文件。其中fn是lilename ,pn是pathname, fid是 
    fid=fopen(fn,'w');%打开文件
    fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M);%向txt文件中写入数据
    %fid=fopen('面积保存 …….txt','w');%写入文件路径,可以设置弹出对话框
    %[p,q]=size(M);
     %for i=1:1:p
    %    for j=1:1:q
    %       if j==p
    %         fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M(i,j));
     %     else
    %        fprintf(fid,'%gmm2_',M(i,j));
    %       end;
    %    end;
    % end;
    fclose(fid);%关闭文件
    
    
    % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
    
    function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    global I
    I=getimage(gcf); %获取坐标系中的图像文件数据
    imwrite(I,'myphoto.jpg') %保存图像为文件
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    new_f_handle=figure('visible','off');
    new_axes=copyobj(handles.axes1,new_f_handle); %axes1是GUI界面绘图的坐标系
    set(new_axes,'units','default','position','default');
    [filename,pathname fileindex]=uiputfile({
        '*.jpg';'*.bmp';'*.png'},'save picture as');
    if ~filename
        return
    else
        file=strcat(pathname,filename);
        switch fileindex %根据不同的选择保存为不同的类型
            case 1
                print(new_f_handle,'-djpeg',file);
            case 2
                print(new_f_handle,'-dbmp',file);
            case 3
                print(new_f_handle,'-dpng',file);
        end;
    end;
    delete(new_f_handle);
    
    % --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
    function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
    % hObject    handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
    % eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
    % handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
    close(gcf);

## 实验结果 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDc4OTM0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDc4OTM0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 1]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQyMDc4OTM0_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center 2]

#### 本人能力有限，解释尚不清楚明了，如遇任何问题，大家可留言或私信。本程序为实验老师提供源程序，供大家学习使用。 ####

#### 本文希望对大家有帮助，当然上文若有不妥之处，欢迎指正。 ####

#### 分享决定高度，学习拉开差距 ####

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