Windows 10使用 Packer 和 VMware Player 自动构建openSUSE虚拟机镜像

灰太狼 2023-10-01 11:03 41阅读 0赞

下载适用于 Windows 的 qemu-img

[https://cloudbase.it/downloads/qemu-img-win-x64-2\_3\_0.zip][https_cloudbase.it_downloads_qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip]

下载后解压文件到 packer.exe相同的工作目录

或者安装Windows 的 qemu

qemu-w64-setup-20211215.exe

json文件中需要设置"headless": true, 设置false时启动VMware Player 界面后迅速退出：

{
      "variables": {
          "boot_wait": "10s",
          "disk_size": "40960",
          "iso_checksum": "9d1aecaa42f322f034788e78fdbd81d7",
          "iso_url": "file://F:\\openSUSE-Leap-15.3-2-DVD-x86_64-Build24.5-Media.iso",
          "memsize": "2048",
          "numvcpus": "2",
          "ssh_password" : "vagrant",
          "ssh_username" : "vagrant",
          "vm_name": "openSUSE-Leap-15.3"
        },
        "builders": [
          {
            "type": "vmware-iso", 
            "boot_command": [
            "<esc><enter><wait>",
            "linux",
            " textmode=1",
            " lang=en_US",
            " netdevice=eth0",
            " netsetup=dhcp",
            " autoyast=http://{
       { .HTTPIP }}:{
       { .HTTPPort }}/autoinst.xml",
            "<enter><wait5>"
          ],
            "boot_wait": "{
       { user `boot_wait` }}",
            "disk_size": "{
       { user `disk_size` }}",
            "disk_type_id": "0",
            "guest_os_type": "opensuse-64",
            "headless": true,
            "http_directory": "http",
            "iso_checksum": "{
       { user `iso_checksum` }}",
            "iso_url": "{
       { user `iso_url` }}",
            "shutdown_command": "sudo shutdown -h 0",
            "ssh_password": "{
       { user `ssh_password` }}",
            "ssh_port": 22,
            "ssh_username": "{
       { user `ssh_username` }}",
            "ssh_timeout": "30000h",
            "vm_name": "{
       { user `vm_name` }}",
            "vmx_data": {
              "memsize": "{
       { user `memsize` }}",
              "numvcpus": "{
       { user `numvcpus` }}",
              "virtualHW.version": "14"
            }
          }
        ],
      "provisioners": [
        {
          "type": "shell",
          "inline": ["ls /"]
        }
      ]
    }

autoinst.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <!DOCTYPE profile>
    <profile xmlns="http://www.suse.com/1.0/yast2ns" xmlns:config="http://www.suse.com/1.0/configns">
      <scripts>
        <chroot-scripts config:type="list">
          <script>
            <chrooted config:type="boolean">true</chrooted>
            <filename>add_vagrant_sudo_rule.sh</filename>
            <interpreter>shell</interpreter>
            <source>
    <![CDATA[
    #!/bin/sh
    echo "Defaults:vagrant !targetpw
    vagrant ALL=(ALL,ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/vagrant
    ]]>
              </source>
          </script>
        </chroot-scripts>
      </scripts>
      <general>
        <mode>
          <confirm config:type="boolean">false</confirm>
          <forceboot config:type="boolean">true</forceboot>
          <final_reboot config:type="boolean">false</final_reboot>
        </mode>
      </general>
      <report>
        <messages>
          <show config:type="boolean">false</show>
          <timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
          <log config:type="boolean">true</log>
        </messages>
        <warnings>
          <show config:type="boolean">false</show>
          <timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
          <log config:type="boolean">true</log>
        </warnings>
        <errors>
          <show config:type="boolean">false</show>
          <timeout config:type="integer">10</timeout>
          <log config:type="boolean">true</log>
        </errors>
      </report>
      <keyboard>
        <keymap>english-us</keymap>
      </keyboard>
      <language>
        <language>en_US</language>
        <languages>en_US</languages>
      </language>
      <timezone>
        <hwclock>UTC</hwclock>
        <timezone>Etc/UTC</timezone>
      </timezone>
      <partitioning config:type="list">
        <drive>
          <enable_snapshots config:type="boolean">false</enable_snapshots>
          <initialize config:type="boolean">true</initialize>
          <partitions config:type="list">
            <partition>
              <create config:type="boolean">true</create>
              <crypt_fs config:type="boolean">false</crypt_fs>
              <filesystem config:type="symbol">ext4</filesystem>
              <format config:type="boolean">true</format>
              <loop_fs config:type="boolean">false</loop_fs>
              <mount>/</mount>
              <mountby config:type="symbol">device</mountby>
              <partition_id config:type="integer">131</partition_id>
              <partition_nr config:type="integer">2</partition_nr>
              <raid_options />
              <resize config:type="boolean">false</resize>
              <size>max</size>
              <subvolumes config:type="list">
                <listentry>boot/grub2/i386-pc</listentry>
                <listentry>boot/grub2/x86_64-efi</listentry>
                <listentry>home</listentry>
                <listentry>opt</listentry>
                <listentry>srv</listentry>
                <listentry>tmp</listentry>
                <listentry>usr/local</listentry>
                <listentry>var/crash</listentry>
                <listentry>var/log</listentry>
                <listentry>var/opt</listentry>
                <listentry>var/spool</listentry>
                <listentry>var/tmp</listentry>
              </subvolumes>
            </partition>
          </partitions>
          <pesize />
          <type config:type="symbol">CT_DISK</type>
          <use>all</use>
        </drive>
      </partitioning>
      <bootloader>
        <loader_type>grub2</loader_type>
    		<global>
    			<activate>true</activate>
    			<timeout config:type="integer">1</timeout>
    			<boot_mbr>true</boot_mbr>
    		</global>
      </bootloader>
      <networking>
        <ipv6 config:type="boolean">false</ipv6>
        <keep_install_network config:type="boolean">true</keep_install_network>
        <dns>
          <dhcp_hostname config:type="boolean">true</dhcp_hostname>
          <resolv_conf_policy>auto</resolv_conf_policy>
          <domain>vagrantup.com</domain>
          <hostname>opensuse-leap-x64</hostname>
        </dns>
        <interfaces config:type="list">
          <interface>
            <bootproto>dhcp</bootproto>
            <name>eth0</name>
            <startmode>auto</startmode>
            <usercontrol>no</usercontrol>
          </interface>
        </interfaces>
      </networking>
      <firewall>
        <enable_firewall config:type="boolean">false</enable_firewall>
        <start_firewall config:type="boolean">false</start_firewall>
      </firewall>
      <software>
        <packages config:type="list">
          <package>apparmor-parser</package>
          <package>grub2</package>
          <package>glibc-locale</package>
          <package>iputils</package>
          <package>openssh</package>
          <package>kernel-default</package>
          <package>sudo</package>
          <package>yast2</package>
          <package>yast2-firstboot</package>
          <package>zypper</package>
          <package>yast2-trans-en_US</package>
          <package>wget</package>
          <package>curl</package>
          <package>grub2-branding-openSUSE</package>
          <package>less</package>
          <package>growpart</package>
          <package>open-vm-tools</package>
          <package>open-iscsi</package>
          <package>insserv-compat</package>
          <package>cloud-init</package>
          <package>docker</package>
        </packages>
        <patterns config:type="list">
          <pattern>sw_management</pattern>
          <pattern>yast2_install_wf</pattern>
          <pattern>minimal_base</pattern>
          <pattern>devel_basis</pattern>
        </patterns>
        <remove-packages config:type="list">
          <package>bash-completion</package>
          <package>telnet</package>
          <package>virtualbox-guest-kmp-default</package>
          <package>virtualbox-guest-tools</package>
          <package>snapper</package>
          <package>snapper-zypp-plugin</package>
        </remove-packages>
      </software>
      <services-manager>
        <default_target>multi-user</default_target>
        <services>
          <disable config:type="list" />
          <enable config:type="list">
            <service>sshd</service>
            <service>docker</service>
            <service>cloud-init</service>
            <service>cloud-config</service>
            <service>cloud-final</service>
          </enable>
        </services>
      </services-manager>
      <groups config:type="list">
        <group>
          <gid>100</gid>
          <groupname>users</groupname>
          <userlist />
        </group>
      </groups>
      <user_defaults>
        <expire />
        <group>100</group>
        <groups />
        <home>/home</home>
        <inactive>-1</inactive>
        <no_groups config:type="boolean">true</no_groups>
        <shell>/bin/bash</shell>
        <skel>/etc/skel</skel>
        <umask>022</umask>
      </user_defaults>
      <users config:type="list">
        <user>
          <user_password>vagrant</user_password>
          <username>root</username>
        </user>
        <user>
          <fullname>Built by Packer</fullname>
          <gid>100</gid>
          <home>/home/vagrant</home>
          <password_settings>
            <expire />
            <flag />
            <inact>-1</inact>
            <max>99999</max>
            <min>0</min>
            <warn>7</warn>
          </password_settings>
          <shell>/bin/bash</shell>
          <uid>1000</uid>
          <user_password>vagrant</user_password>
          <username>vagrant</username>
        </user>
      </users>
      <kdump>
        <add_crash_kernel config:type="boolean">false</add_crash_kernel>
      </kdump>
    </profile>

运行命令packer.exe build opensuse153.json后按提示记下VNC端口和密码；

运行vncviewer64-1.10.1.exe，输入IP地址端口，密码后可以查看安装过程；

![watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

输出：

F:\packer-opensuse>packer.exe build opensuse153.json
    Warning: Warning when preparing build: "vmware-iso"
    
    Your vmx data contains the following variable(s), which Packer normally sets
    when it generates its own default vmx template. This may cause your build to
    fail or behave unpredictably: numvcpus, memsize, virtualHW.version
    
    
    vmware-iso: output will be in this color.
    
    ==> vmware-iso: Retrieving ISO
    ==> vmware-iso: Trying file://F:\openSUSE-Leap-15.3-2-DVD-x86_64-Build24.5-Media.iso
    ==> vmware-iso: Trying file://F:/openSUSE-Leap-15.3-2-DVD-x86_64-Build24.5-Media.iso?checksum=md5%3A9d1aecaa42f322f034788e78fdbd81d7
    ==> vmware-iso: file://F:/openSUSE-Leap-15.3-2-DVD-x86_64-Build24.5-Media.iso?checksum=md5%3A9d1aecaa42f322f034788e78fdbd81d7 => F:/openSUSE-Leap-15.3-2-DVD-x86_64-Build24.5-Media.iso
    ==> vmware-iso: Configuring output and export directories...
    ==> vmware-iso: Creating required virtual machine disks
    ==> vmware-iso: Building and writing VMX file
    ==> vmware-iso: Starting HTTP server on port 8791
    ==> vmware-iso: Starting virtual machine...
        vmware-iso: The VM will be run headless, without a GUI. If you want to
        vmware-iso: view the screen of the VM, connect via VNC with the password "rLae2vr4" to
        vmware-iso: vnc://127.0.0.1:5927
    ==> vmware-iso: Connecting to VNC...
    ==> vmware-iso: Waiting 10s for boot...
    ==> vmware-iso: Typing the boot command over VNC...
    ==> vmware-iso: Waiting for SSH to become available...
    ==> vmware-iso: Connected to SSH!
    ==> vmware-iso: Provisioning with shell script: C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\packer-shell1250127312
        vmware-iso: bin
        vmware-iso: boot
        vmware-iso: dev
        vmware-iso: etc
        vmware-iso: home
        vmware-iso: lib
        vmware-iso: lib64
        vmware-iso: lost+found
        vmware-iso: mnt
        vmware-iso: opt
        vmware-iso: proc
        vmware-iso: root
        vmware-iso: run
        vmware-iso: sbin
        vmware-iso: selinux
        vmware-iso: srv
        vmware-iso: sys
        vmware-iso: tmp
        vmware-iso: usr
        vmware-iso: var
    ==> vmware-iso: Gracefully halting virtual machine...
        vmware-iso: Waiting for VMware to clean up after itself...
    ==> vmware-iso: Deleting unnecessary VMware files...
        vmware-iso: Deleting: output-vmware-iso\vmware.log
    ==> vmware-iso: Compacting all attached virtual disks...
        vmware-iso: Compacting virtual disk 1
    ==> vmware-iso: Cleaning VMX prior to finishing up...
        vmware-iso: Disabling VNC server...
    ==> vmware-iso: Skipping export of virtual machine...
    Build 'vmware-iso' finished after 10 minutes 665 milliseconds.
    
    ==> Wait completed after 10 minutes 666 milliseconds
    
    ==> Builds finished. The artifacts of successful builds are:
    --> vmware-iso: VM files in directory: output-vmware-iso
    
    F:\packer-opensuse>

[https_cloudbase.it_downloads_qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip]: https://cloudbase.it/downloads/qemu-img-win-x64-2_3_0.zip
[watermark_type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/7e56cb1252b8409798059178e9636cc5.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_d3F5LXplbmhlaQ,shadow_50,text_Q1NETiBAYWxsd2F5Mg==,size_20,color_FFFFFF,t_70,g_se,x_16