容器镜像构建工具kaniko介绍及基本使用（GoogleContainerTools/kaniko）

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2023-09-28 15:05 63阅读 0赞

## Kaniko ##

*  GoogleContainerTools/kaniko
    
    是什么？
    
     *  构建容器镜像的工具
     *  不依赖 Docker，不需要 root 权限
     *  可复现的容器镜像构建
 *  gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor:latest
 *  gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor:debug - 包含 shell
 *  参考
    
     *  GitLab runner use [Kaniko][]
 *  专注于在 Kubernetes 构建镜像

###### CAUTION ######

*  只支持 x86\_64
 *  不支持 multi-arch 和 manifest
 *  不能使用本地 layer 缓存
 *  性能可能弱于 dind - [GoogleContainerTools/kaniko\#875][GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_875]
 *  registry-mirror 不支持前缀，例如 `registry.example.com/dockerhub`

# debug 环境
    docker run --rm -it -w /workspace --entrypoint sh registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:debug
    
    mkdir -p /workspace /images /cache
    cd /workspace
    
    cat <<DOCKERFILE > Dockerfile
    FROM wener/base
    RUN apk add coreutils
    DOCKERFILE
    # --no-push 不推送 --tarPath 生成的 tar 需要设置 --destination
    # --context 默认 /workspace
    # --cache 启用缓存 --cache-dir 基础镜像缓存目录，默认 /cache --cache-repo 缓存仓库
    # --use-new-run 实验特性，提升构建性能
    # --reproducible 移除时间戳
    /kaniko/executor --context $PWD --dockerfile $PWD/Dockerfile \
      --registry-mirror hbcvocvo.mirror.aliyuncs.com \
      --no-push --tarPath /images/build.tar --destination=image \
      --use-new-run --reproducible
    
    # Docker 认证配置
    mkdir -p /kaniko/.docker
    # 配置
    echo "{
        \"auths\":{
        \"$CI_REGISTRY\":{
        \"username\":\"$CI_REGISTRY_USER\",\"password\":\"$CI_REGISTRY_PASSWORD\"}}}" > /kaniko/.docker/config.json
    # 构建并推送
    /kaniko/executor --context $CI_PROJECT_DIR --dockerfile $CI_PROJECT_DIR/Dockerfile --destination $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_TAG
    
    # 直接构建
    # registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:latest
    # gcr.io/kaniko-project/executor:latest
    docker run \
      -v "$HOME"/.config/gcloud:/root/.config/gcloud \
      -v /path/to/context:/workspace \
      registry.cn-hongkong.aliyuncs.com/cmi/kaniko-project_executor:latest \
      --dockerfile /workspace/Dockerfile \
      --destination "$PROJECT_ID/$IMAGE_NAME:$TAG" \
      --context dir:///workspace/

### dockerhub ###

cat <<JSON > config.json
    {
        "auths": {
            "https://index.docker.io/v1/": {
                "auth": "$(echo -n $USER:$PASSWORD | base64)"
            }
        }
    }
    JSON
    docker run --rm -it $PWD/config:/kaniko/.docker/config.json --destination=yourimagename

*  [https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/1209][https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_1209]

### 参数 ###

*  [Additional Flags][]

## FAQ ##

### 性能问题 ###

*  [https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/875][GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_875] Kaniko build’s performance much slower comparing with DID solution

### 拷贝根目录异常阻塞 ###

FROM alpine:3.11 as rootfs
    RUN echo 7777
    
    FROM alpine:3.11
    # 阻塞
    COPY --from=rootfs / /sysroot/
    # Workaround https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/960
    COPY --from=rootfs /rootfs/ /sysroot/

*  [https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/960][https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_960]

### snapshot 阻塞 ###

*  [https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/970][https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_970]

参考链接：https://wener.me/notes/devops/container/kaniko

[Kaniko]: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/docker/using_kaniko.html
[GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_875]: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/875
[https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_1209]: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/1209
[Additional Flags]: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko#additional-flags
[https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_960]: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/960
[https_github.com_GoogleContainerTools_kaniko_issues_970]: https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/kaniko/issues/970