全网多种方法解决[rejected] master -＞ master (fetch first)的错误

╰半橙微兮° 2023-09-26 21:21 7阅读 0赞

#### 文章目录 ####

*  1. 复现错误
 *  2. 分析错误
 *  3. 解决错误
 *  4. 解决该错误的其他方法

## 1. 复现错误 ##

今天使用`git status`查看文件状态，发现有一个文件未提交，如下代码所示：

D:\project\test>git status
    On branch master
    Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
    
    Untracked files:
      (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
            src/main/java/xxx/po/test.java
    
    nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

既然未提交，则首先使用`git add`将当前目录下修改的代码，从工作区添加到暂存区，如下代码所示：

D:\project\test>git add  src/main/java/xxx/po/test.java

接着使用`git commit`将缓存区内容添加到本地仓库，如下代码所示：

D:\project\test>git commit -m "test"
    [master 0b983e7] test
     1 file changed, 9 insertions(+)
     create mode 100644 src/main/test/po/test.java

但使用`git push origin master`将本地版本库推送到远程服务器时，却报出如下错误：

D:\project\test>git push
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    To https:xxx/test.git
     ! [rejected]        master -> master (fetch first)
    error: failed to push some refs to 'https:xxx/test.git'
    hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
    hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
    hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
    hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
    hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

![在这里插入图片描述][28fbf47c4aae486e8d21edf86ad55769.png]

即`! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)`。

## 2. 分析错误 ##

`! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)`翻译成中文就是`![已拒绝] mater -> master（先获取）`。

换句话说，我们想把自己本地的某个项目，关联到远程仓库并推送上去，但为什么报这个错误呢？

原来，我们在创建仓库时，都会勾选`使用Reamdme文件初始化这个仓库`这个操作，初始了一个`README`文件，并配置添加了忽略文件：  
![在这里插入图片描述][d907fa774c6148c79fd944e7492dde80.png]

当点击创建仓库时，它会帮我们做一次初始提交。

于是，我们的仓库就有了`README.m`和`.gitignore`文件。

接着，我们把本地项目关联到这个仓库，并把项目推送到仓库时。

我们在关联本地与远程时，两端都是有内容的，但这两份内容并没有联系。

当我们推送到远程或者从远程拉取内容时，都会存在没有被跟踪的内容。

于是，你看`git`报的详细错误中，总是会让你先拉取再推送，如下图所示：

![在这里插入图片描述][327f6a0b1c23494a9b9a8cfbc2f35378.png]

## 3. 解决错误 ##

既然需要先拉取，再推送，便可以使用如下解决方法。

1.  首先，使用`git pull --rebase origin master`命令拉取，如下代码所示：

D:\project\test>git pull --rebase origin master
    
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    remote: Counting objects: 33, done.
    remote: Compressing objects: 100% (25/25), done.
    remote: Total 33 (delta 5), reused 0 (delta 0)
    Unpacking objects: 100% (33/33), 23.26 KiB | 58.00 KiB/s, done.
    From https:xxx/test
     * branch            master     -> FETCH_HEAD
       453fc37..97defce  master     -> origin/master
    Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.

1.  接着，使用`git push -u origin master`命令上传代码，如下代码所示：

D:\project\test>git push -u origin master
    
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    warning: ----------------- SECURITY WARNING ----------------
    warning: | TLS certificate verification has been disabled! |
    warning: ---------------------------------------------------
    warning: HTTPS connections may not be secure. See https://aka.ms/gcmcore-tlsverify for more information.
    Enumerating objects: 22, done.
    Counting objects: 100% (22/22), done.
    Delta compression using up to 12 threads
    Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done.
    Writing objects: 100% (12/12), 898 bytes | 898.00 KiB/s, done.
    Total 12 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
    To https:xxx/test.git
       97defce..c60a6e6  master -> master
    Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.

如此，便可以推送成功。

如果这种解决方法无法解决你的错误，可以参考如下解决方法。

## 4. 解决该错误的其他方法 ##

想要避免这种问题，就要保持创建的仓库是一个空仓库，什么都没有。

也就是在创建仓库时，不要勾选`使用Readme文件初始化这个仓库`，如下图所示：

![在这里插入图片描述][6680473b7c4d43da931d58cf52da35d8.png]

然后，克隆下来使用，下次要推送，即可直接推送。

如果这两种方法都无法解决你的错误，烦请在评论区留言。

[28fbf47c4aae486e8d21edf86ad55769.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/28fbf47c4aae486e8d21edf86ad55769.png
[d907fa774c6148c79fd944e7492dde80.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/d907fa774c6148c79fd944e7492dde80.png
[327f6a0b1c23494a9b9a8cfbc2f35378.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/327f6a0b1c23494a9b9a8cfbc2f35378.png
[6680473b7c4d43da931d58cf52da35d8.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/6680473b7c4d43da931d58cf52da35d8.png