SpringMVC--数据返回及页面跳转

电玩女神 2023-07-09 10:28 63阅读 0赞

首发网址：[SpringMVC--数据返回及页面跳转\_IT利刃出鞘的博客-CSDN博客][SpringMVC--_IT_-CSDN]

# 其他网址 #

[四、数据的返回以及页面的跳转\_Java\_a2231476020的博客-CSDN博客][Java_a2231476020_-CSDN]

# jsp文件 #

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
        <script src="js/jquery.min.js"></script>
        <script>
            // 页面加载，绑定单击事件
            $(function(){
                $("#btn").click(function(){
                    // 发送ajax请求
                    $.ajax({
                        // 编写json格式，设置属性和值
                        url:"user/testAjax",
                        contentType:"application/json;charset=UTF-8",
                        data:'{"username":"jack","password":"123","age":30}',
                        dataType:"json",
                        type:"post",
                        success:function(data){
                            // data服务器端响应的json的数据，进行解析
                            alert(data.username+','+data.password+','+data.age);
                        }
                    });
                });
            });
        </script>
    
    </head>
    <body>
        <a href="user/testString" >returnType: String</a>
        <br/>
        <a href="user/testVoid" >returnType: Void</a>
        <br/>
        <a href="user/testModelAndView" >testModelAndView</a>
        <br/>
        <a href="user/testForwardOrRedirect" >testForwardOrRedirect</a>
        <br/>
        <button id="btn">发送ajax的请求</button>
    </body>
    </html>

success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h3>执行成功</h3>
        ${user.username}
        ${user.password}
        ${user.age}
    </body>
    </html>

# 一、返回String #

## ①返回页面字符串 ##

@Controller
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController {
        @RequestMapping("/testString")
        public String testString(Model model){
            System.out.println("testString方法执行了...");
            // 模拟从数据库中查询出User对象
            User user = new User();
            user.setUsername("jack");
            user.setPassword("123456");
            user.setAge(30);
            // model对象
            model.addAttribute("user",user);
            return "success";
        }
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

## ②重定向 ##

@RequestMapping("/testForwardOrRedirect")
    public String testForwardOrRedirect(){
        System.out.println("testForwardOrRedirect方法执行了...");
        // 请求的转发
        return "forward:/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp";
        // 重定向
        return "redirect:/index.jsp";
    }

# 二、无返回值的情况 #

##       ①请求转发 ##

@RequestMapping("/testVoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("testVoid方法执行了...");
        // 编写请求转发的程序
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp").forward(request,response);
        return;
    }

![20190624101223731.png][]

## ②重定向 ##

![20190624101610107.png][]

## ③直接响应数据 ##

@RequestMapping("/testVoid")
    public void testVoid(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("testVoid方法执行了...");
        // 设置中文乱码
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        // 直接会进行响应
        response.getWriter().print("你好");
        return;
    }

![20190624101747336.png][]

# 三、返回`ModelAndView`对象 #

@RequestMapping("/testModelAndView")
    public ModelAndView testModelAndView(){
        // 创建ModelAndView对象
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        System.out.println("testModelAndView方法执行了...");
        // 模拟从数据库中查询出User对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setUsername("jack");
        user.setPassword("123456");
        user.setAge(30);
        // 把user对象存储到mv对象中，也会把user对象存入到request对象
        mv.addObject("user",user);
        // 跳转到哪个页面
        mv.setViewName("success");
        return mv;
    }

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

# 四、接收返回异步请求数据 #

静态资源的过滤，前端控制器`DispatcherServlet`将会进行拦截，需要在springmvc.xml中进行配置。

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
           xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
        
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.liaoxiang"/>
    
        
        <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
            <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
            <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        </bean>
    
        
        <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>
        <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
    
        
        <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
    </beans>

@ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/testAjax")
    public User testAjax(@RequestBody User user){
        System.out.println("testAjax方法执行了...");
        // 客户端发送ajax的请求，传的是json字符串，后端把json字符串封装到user对象中
        System.out.println(user);
        // 做响应，模拟查询数据库
        user.setUsername("rose");
        user.setAge(40);
        // 做响应
        return user;
    }

![20190624102922898.png][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

[SpringMVC--_IT_-CSDN]: https://knife.blog.csdn.net/article/details/104560928
[Java_a2231476020_-CSDN]: https://blog.csdn.net/a2231476020/article/details/93464229
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624100028371.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20190624101223731.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624101223731.png
[20190624101610107.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624101610107.png
[20190624101747336.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624101747336.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624101949186.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624103700431.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20190624102922898.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624102922898.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190624102854350.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2EyMjMxNDc2MDIw,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70