CentOS 7.x环境下nginx的简单安装

喜欢ヅ旅行 2023-06-20 06:35 85阅读 0赞

### 第一步：下载 ###

Windows下载：

下载地址：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

Linux系统下载：  
\[root@ec-server-0 install\_file\]\# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

### 第二步：解压到指定安装目录 ###

**\# 1.mkdir nginx  
\# 2.tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz**

\[root@ec-server-0 software\]\#  mkdir nginx

\[root@ec-server-0 install\_file\]\# tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz -C /usr/local/software/nginx/

### 第三步：安装相关依赖软件包 ###

**\# 1.yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make cmake**

\[root@ec-server-0 install\_file\]\#  yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake libtool make cmake

**\# 2.yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel**

\[root@ec-server-0 install\_file\]\# yum -y install zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel

### 第四步：配置 ###

配置前后：  
\[root@ec-server-0 install\_file\]\# find / -name nginx  
/usr/local/software/nginx

前后查找结果都是为：/usr/local/software/nginx

**\# 1.cd /usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1  
\# 2. ./configure**  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# ./configure

相关配置结果：  
Configuration summary  
  + using system PCRE library  
  + OpenSSL library is not used  
  + using system zlib library

nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"  
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"  
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"  
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"  
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"  
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"  
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"  
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"  
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client\_body\_temp"  
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy\_temp"  
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi\_temp"  
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi\_temp"  
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi\_temp"

**\# 3.第2步还可以自己指定相关配置目录**  
  命令：./configure --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid

### 第五步：编译安装 ###

**\# 1.make&&make install**

\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\#  make&&make install

编译安装之后：  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# find / -name nginx  
/usr/local/software/nginx  
/usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx  
/usr/local/nginx  
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

执行结果为：  
/usr/local/software/nginx  
/usr/local/software/nginx/nginx-1.16.1/objs/nginx  
/usr/local/nginx              \--> 安装好后的nginx根目录  
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx   \--> 启动脚本

### 第六步：启动nginx ###

**\# 1.启动**  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  
**\# 2.查看启动进程情况**  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# ps -ef|grep nginx|grep -v grep  
root       8543      1  0 01:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  
nobody     8545   8543  0 01:09 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\#

### 第七步：验证 ###

**\# 1.访问：http://192.168.199.232/**

如果页面显示：Welcome to nginx!  
则安装成功  
如果无法访问，查看服务器防火墙是否关闭，如果防火墙是开启的：Active:active(Running)  
则将80端口加入防火墙白名单，或者关闭防火墙

**\# 2.添加防火墙80端口到白名单中**

\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# systemctl status firewalld  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp  
success  
\[root@ec-server-0 nginx-1.16.1\]\# firewall-cmd --reload  
success

**\# 再次访问页面，成功！**

### 第八步：配置nginx为系统开机启动软件 ###

**方法1：**

**\# 1.进入/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下，编写nginx.service文件**

\[Unit\]  
Description=nginx - high performance web server  
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

\[Service\]  
Type=forking  
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf  
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s reload  
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/nginx -s stop

\[Install\]  
WantedBy=multi-user.target

**\# 2.设置开机启动nginx.service服务：systemctl enable nginx.service**

**方法2：**

参考官方说明：https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/examples/redhatnginxinit/

**\# 1.在/etc/init.d/目录下创建nginx脚本文件：**touch  /etc/init.d/nginx  
**\# 2.在新建的nginx脚本文件中添加官方参考的脚本内容**  
**\# 3.nginx官方脚本需要修改两处地方,修改为自己实际的位置：**  
    nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"  
    NGINX\_CONF\_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"  
**\# 4.改变nginx脚本文件权限：**chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

**\# 5.用chkconfig管理nginx脚本**  
   \* 将nginx添加至chkconfig管理列表：chkconfig --add /etc/init.d/nginx  
   \* 这时便可使用 service nginx status/start/restart/stop等命令了  
   \* 用chkconfig设置其开机启动：chkconfig --levels 235 on

附：

Nginx官方文档：[http://nginx.org/en/docs/][http_nginx.org_en_docs]

Nginx中文文档：[http://www.nginx.cn/doc/][http_www.nginx.cn_doc]

## ##

[http_nginx.org_en_docs]: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
[http_www.nginx.cn_doc]: http://www.nginx.cn/doc/