oracle版本升级步骤

红太狼 2023-06-14 10:50 157阅读 0赞

大致步骤：

1，核实数据库和操作系统相关信息

*  检查升级条件
 *  安装12c数据库软件
 *  执行dbua升级db或者采用手工执行命令的方式，但根据官方资料看，建议放弃这个想法，DBUA 真的简化了很多，如果手工执行，会多很多步骤，这样会增加出错的概率。（这里用的手工命令）
 *  检查数据库状态和无效对象

[oracle@zg3 soft]$ uname -a
    Linux zg3 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 10 22:19:54 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
    [oracle@zg3 soft]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
     
    SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Sep 15 16:08:44 2018
     
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
     
     
    Connected to:
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
     
    SQL> select name from v$database;
     
    NAME
    ---------
    ORCL
    SQL> select * from v$version;
     
    BANNER
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
    PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
    CORE    11.2.0.3.0      Production
    TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
    NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
    SQL> col comp_name for a35
    SQL> col version for a20
    SQL> col name for a20
    SQL> set linesize 1000
    SQL> set pagesize 1000
    SQL> SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;
    COMP_NAME                        VERSION              STATUS
    ------------------------------ -------------------- ----------------------
    OWB                            11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Application Express     3.2.1.00.12          VALID
    Oracle Enterprise Manager      11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    OLAP Catalog                   11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Spatial                        11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Multimedia              11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle XML Database            11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Text                    11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Expression Filter       11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Rules Manager           11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Workspace Manager       11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Catalog Views  11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.3.0       VALID
    JServer JAVA Virtual Machine   11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle XDK                     11.2.0.3.0            VALID
    Oracle Database Java Packages  11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    OLAP Analytic Workspace        11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle OLAP API                11.2.0.3.0           VALID
     
    18 rows selected.
    SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$parameter WHERE name = 'compatible';

2， rman对数据库执行全备

[oracle@zg3 ~]$ rman target /
    Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Sep 15 16:34:01 2018
     
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
     
    connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1514683624)
     
    RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input format '/oracle/back/full_%U.dbf';
    …………………………

3，关闭数据库和监听

SQL> shutdown immediate;
    Database closed.
    Database dismounted.
    ORACLE instance shut down.
    SQL> exit
    Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ lsnrctl stop
     
    LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 15-SEP-2018 16:40:45
     
    Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
     
    Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
    The command completed successfully
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ ps -ef |grep ora

4，备份ORACLE\_HOME和oraInventory

tar –cvf oraInventory.zip /oracle/app/oraInventory/
    tar –cvf product.zip /oracle/app/oracle/product/

5，上传并解压11.2.0.4安装包

[root@zg3 oracle]# cd database/
    [root@zg3 database]# ls
    install  readme.html  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html

6，开始安装11.2.0.4软件

![70][]

![70 1][]

![70 2][]

这里替换了软件目录

![70 3][]

![70 4][]

![70 5][]

![70 6][]

[root@zg3 ~]# /oracle/app/oraInventory2/orainstRoot.sh 
    Changing permissions of /oracle/app/oraInventory2.
    Adding read,write permissions for group.
    Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
     
    Changing groupname of /oracle/app/oraInventory2 to oinstall.
    The execution of the script is complete.
    [root@zg3 ~]# /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2/root.sh 
    Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g 
     
    The following environment variables are set as:
        ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
        ORACLE_HOME=  /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2
     
    Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
    The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n) 
    [n]: y
       Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
    The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
    The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
     
    Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
    Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
    Finished running generic part of root script.
    Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
    Finished product-specific root actions.

（监听配置这一步根据具体情况，可以选择直接将原版本的监听文件拷贝过来）

![70 7][]![70 8][]![70 9][]

![70 10][]![70 11][]![70 12][]![70 13][]![70 14][]

到这里11.2.0.4的软件就已经安装完成，但是还需要进行后续的升级操作。监听配置完会自动跳转下面的界面，这里直接关闭，跳过报错，手动进行后续的操作。

![70 15][]

修改环境变量：

[root@zg3 ~]# su - oracle
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ vi .bash_profile 
    export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_2  --改成新的目录
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile 
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
    /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ vi /etc/oratab
    orcl:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2:N  --改成新的目录

拷贝监听文件和参数文件：

[oracle@zg3 ~]$ cp /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/* /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2/network/admin/
    [oracle@zg3 ~]$ cp /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/* /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_2/dbs/

执行预升级脚本检查

[oracle@zg3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
     
    SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat Sep 15 17:54:47 2018
     
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
     
    Connected to an idle instance.
     
    SQL> startup upgrade;
    ORACLE instance started.
     
    Total System Global Area 4375998464 bytes
    Fixed Size                  2260328 bytes
    Variable Size             956301976 bytes
    Database Buffers         3405774848 bytes
    Redo Buffers               11661312 bytes
    Database mounted.
    Database opened.
    SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu112i.sql  --执行升级检查
    Oracle Database 11.2 Pre-Upgrade Information Tool 09-15-2018 17:56:45
    Script Version: 11.2.0.4.0 Build: 001
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Database:
    **********************************************************************
    --> name:          ORCL
    --> version:       11.2.0.3.0
    --> compatible:    11.2.0.0.0
    --> blocksize:     8192
    --> platform:      Linux x86 64-bit
    --> timezone file: V14
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Tablespaces: [make adjustments in the current environment]
    **********************************************************************
    --> SYSTEM tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
    .... minimum required size: 917 MB
    --> SYSAUX tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
    .... minimum required size: 624 MB
    --> UNDOTBS1 tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
    .... minimum required size: 400 MB
    --> TEMP tablespace is adequate for the upgrade.
    .... minimum required size: 60 MB
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Flashback: OFF
    **********************************************************************
    **********************************************************************
    Update Parameters: [Update Oracle Database 11.2 init.ora or spfile]
    Note: Pre-upgrade tool was run on a lower version 64-bit database.
    **********************************************************************
    --> If Target Oracle is 32-Bit, refer here for Update Parameters:
    -- No update parameter changes are required.
    .
     
    --> If Target Oracle is 64-Bit, refer here for Update Parameters:
    -- No update parameter changes are required.
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Renamed Parameters: [Update Oracle Database 11.2 init.ora or spfile]
    **********************************************************************
    -- No renamed parameters found. No changes are required.
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Obsolete/Deprecated Parameters: [Update Oracle Database 11.2 init.ora or spfile]
    **********************************************************************
    -- No obsolete parameters found. No changes are required
    .
     
    **********************************************************************
    Components: [The following database components will be upgraded or installed]
    **********************************************************************
    --> Oracle Catalog Views         [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle Packages and Types    [upgrade]  VALID
    --> JServer JAVA Virtual Machine [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle XDK for Java          [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle Workspace Manager     [upgrade]  VALID
    --> OLAP Analytic Workspace      [upgrade]  VALID
    --> OLAP Catalog                 [upgrade]  VALID
    --> EM Repository                [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle Text                  [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle XML Database          [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle Java Packages         [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle interMedia            [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Spatial                      [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Expression Filter            [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Rule Manager                 [upgrade]  VALID
    --> Oracle Application Express   [upgrade]  VALID
    ... APEX will only be upgraded if the version of APEX in
    ... the target Oracle home is higher than the current one.
    --> Oracle OLAP API              [upgrade]  VALID
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Miscellaneous Warnings
    **********************************************************************
    WARNING: --> Your recycle bin is turned on and currently contains no objects.
    .... Because it is REQUIRED that the recycle bin be empty prior to upgrading
    .... and your recycle bin is turned on, you may need to execute the command:
            PURGE DBA_RECYCLEBIN
    .... prior to executing your upgrade to confirm the recycle bin is empty.
    WARNING: --> Database contains schemas with objects dependent on DBMS_LDAP package.
    .... Refer to the 11g Upgrade Guide for instructions to configure Network ACLs.
    .... USER APEX_030200 has dependent objects.
    .
    **********************************************************************
    Recommendations
    **********************************************************************
    Oracle recommends gathering dictionary statistics prior to
    upgrading the database.
    To gather dictionary statistics execute the following command
    while connected as SYSDBA:
     
        EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_dictionary_stats;
     
    **********************************************************************
    Oracle recommends removing all hidden parameters prior to upgrading.
     
    To view existing hidden parameters execute the following command
    while connected AS SYSDBA:
     
        SELECT name,description from SYS.V$PARAMETER WHERE name
            LIKE '\_%' ESCAPE '\'
     
    Changes will need to be made in the init.ora or spfile.
     
    **********************************************************************
    Oracle recommends reviewing any defined events prior to upgrading.
     
    To view existing non-default events execute the following commands
    while connected AS SYSDBA:
      Events:
        SELECT (translate(value,chr(13)||chr(10),' ')) FROM sys.v$parameter2
          WHERE  UPPER(name) ='EVENT' AND  isdefault='FALSE'
     
      Trace Events:
        SELECT (translate(value,chr(13)||chr(10),' ')) from sys.v$parameter2
          WHERE UPPER(name) = '_TRACE_EVENTS' AND isdefault='FALSE'
     
    Changes will need to be made in the init.ora or spfile.

升级之前执行 EXECUTE dbms\_stats.gather\_dictionary\_stats;收集统计信息，缩短升级时间。而且需要清空回收站PURGE DBA\_RECYCLEBIN;

开启闪回，手动创建还原点

SQL> shutdown immediate;
    Database closed.
    Database dismounted.
    ORACLE instance shut down.
    SQL> startup mount;
    ORACLE instance started.
    Total System Global Area 4375998464 bytes
    Fixed Size                  2260328 bytes
    Variable Size             956301976 bytes
    Database Buffers         3405774848 bytes
    Redo Buffers               11661312 bytes
    Database mounted.
    SQL>alter database flashback on;
    SQL> create restore point up_rollback guarantee flashback database;
    SQL> select * from v$restore_point;
       1048597                     2 YES     52428800
    15-SEP-18 06.07.00.000000000 PM
                                                                                YES
    UP_ROLLBACK
    SQL> shutdown immediate;
    SQL> startup upgrade;
    SQL>@?/rdbms/admin/utlu112i.sql   --再次运行检查

执行升级操作：

SQL> set echo on
    SQL> spool /oracle/upgrade.log
    SQL> set time on
    18:12:02 SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql
    ………………

运行utlrp.sql编译失效对象

SQL> startup
    ORACLE instance started.
     
    Total System Global Area 4375998464 bytes
    Fixed Size                  2260328 bytes
    Variable Size            1023410840 bytes
    Database Buffers         3338665984 bytes
    Redo Buffers               11661312 bytes
    Database mounted.
    Database opened.
    SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp
    TIMESTAMP
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN  2018-09-15 18:46:01
     
    DOC>   The following PL/SQL block invokes UTL_RECOMP to recompile invalid
    DOC>   objects in the database. Recompilation time is proportional to the
    DOC>   number of invalid objects in the database, so this command may take
    DOC>   a long time to execute on a database with a large number of invalid
    DOC>   objects.
    DOC>
    DOC>   Use the following queries to track recompilation progress:
    DOC>
    DOC>   1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining. This
    DOC>      number should decrease with time.
    DOC>         SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
    DOC>
    DOC>   2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far. This number
    DOC>      should increase with time.
    DOC>         SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
    DOC>
    DOC>   This script automatically chooses serial or parallel recompilation
    DOC>   based on the number of CPUs available (parameter cpu_count) multiplied
    DOC>   by the number of threads per CPU (parameter parallel_threads_per_cpu).
    DOC>   On RAC, this number is added across all RAC nodes.
    DOC>
    DOC>   UTL_RECOMP uses DBMS_SCHEDULER to create jobs for parallel
    DOC>   recompilation. Jobs are created without instance affinity so that they
    DOC>   can migrate across RAC nodes. Use the following queries to verify
    DOC>   whether UTL_RECOMP jobs are being created and run correctly:
    DOC>
    DOC>   1. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP
    DOC>         SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobs
    DOC>            WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
    DOC>
    DOC>   2. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running
    DOC>         SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobs
    DOC>            WHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
    DOC>#
     
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
     
     
    TIMESTAMP
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END  2018-09-15 18:46:43
     
    DOC> The following query reports the number of objects that have compiled
    DOC> with errors.
    DOC>
    DOC> If the number is higher than expected, please examine the error
    DOC> messages reported with each object (using SHOW ERRORS) to see if they
    DOC> point to system misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
    DOC> fixed before attempting to recompile these objects.
    DOC>#
     
    OBJECTS WITH ERRORS
    -------------------
                      0
     
    DOC> The following query reports the number of errors caught during
    DOC> recompilation. If this number is non-zero, please query the error
    DOC> messages in the table UTL_RECOMP_ERRORS to see if any of these errors
    DOC> are due to misconfiguration or resource constraints that must be
    DOC> fixed before objects can compile successfully.
    DOC>#
     
    ERRORS DURING RECOMPILATION
    ---------------------------
                              0
     
     
    Function created.
     
     
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
     
     
    Function dropped.
     
     
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

至此数据库已经升级完成，查看各组件版本号：

SQL> SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;
     
    COMP_NAME                      VERSION              STATUS
    ------------------------------ -------------------- ----------------------
    OWB                            11.2.0.3.0           VALID
    Oracle Application Express     3.2.1.00.12          VALID
    Oracle Enterprise Manager      11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    OLAP Catalog                   11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Spatial                        11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Multimedia              11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle XML Database            11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Text                    11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Expression Filter       11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Rules Manager           11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Workspace Manager       11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Catalog Views  11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    JServer JAVA Virtual Machine   11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle XDK                     11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Java Packages  11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    OLAP Analytic Workspace        11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle OLAP API                11.2.0.4.0           VALID
     
    18 rows selected.

处理OWB版本问题：

SQL> @?/owb/UnifiedRepos/clean_owbsys.sql
    SQL> @?/owb/UnifiedRepos/cat_owb.sql
    SQL> @?/owb/UnifiedRepos/reset_owbcc_home.sql
    SQL> SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;
    COMP_NAME                           VERSION              STATUS
    ----------------------------------- -------------------- ----------------------
    OWB                                 11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Application Express          3.2.1.00.12          VALID
    Oracle Enterprise Manager           11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    OLAP Catalog                        11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Spatial                             11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Multimedia                   11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle XML Database                 11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Text                         11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Expression Filter            11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Rules Manager                11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Workspace Manager            11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Catalog Views       11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Packages and Types  11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    JServer JAVA Virtual Machine        11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle XDK                          11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle Database Java Packages       11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    OLAP Analytic Workspace             11.2.0.4.0           VALID
    Oracle OLAP API                     11.2.0.4.0           VALID
     
    18 rows selected.

检查无效对象

SQL> select * from dba_objects where status<>'VALID';
     
    no rows selected

升级成功后删除原来的目录，通过EMCA重建EM  （不用EM可忽略）

[oracle@zg3 app]$ ls
    oracle  oraInventory  oraInventory2
    [oracle@zg3 app]$ pwd
    /oracle/app
    [oracle@zg3 app]$ rm -rf oraInventory
    [oracle@zg3 11.2.0]$ pwd
    /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
    [oracle@zg3 11.2.0]$ rm -rf db_1

删除restore point

SQL> select * from v$restore_point;
     
           SCN DATABASE_INCARNATION# GUA STORAGE_SIZE TIME                                                                        RESTORE_POINT_TIME                                                        PRE NAME
    ---------- --------------------- --- ------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- --------------------
       1048597                     2 YES    629145600 15-SEP-18 06.07.00.000000000 PM                                                              YES UP_ROLLBACK
     
    SQL> drop  restore point up_rollback;
     
    Restore point dropped.
    SQL> select * from v$restore_point;
     
    no rows selected

[70]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174522356?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 1]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174535268?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 2]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174613913?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174630951?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
[70 4]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174644258?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
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[70 7]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174813735?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
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[70 9]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20180919174845182?watermark/2/text/aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQyMzc1OTg=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70
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