Onenet mqtt数据通信整理

傷城~ 2023-02-23 12:20 41阅读 0赞

**O****nenet mqtt数据通信整理**

（wangxl@20200707）

*  **创建产品**

1、选多协议接入--mqtt（旧版）---添加产品

![20200707162717480.png][]

![20200707162735584.png][]

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*  **创建设备**

1.  设备列表--添加设备

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

*  添加数据流模板power

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]

*  设备端连接

1、建立mqtt连接（OneNET平台地址为 183.230.40.39 ：6002）

2、设备登陆上报信息(:CONNECT类型的数据包)  
设备登陆报文是在建立TCP连接之后，用于告知OneNET平台，该终端DTU对应的是平台上的哪一个设备，数据用何种方式进行解析；  
格式为根据MQTT报文协议V3.1.1中规定:

根据MQTT报文协议中规定，每一个MQTT包总共包含三部分：

![20200707162904419.png][]

（1）Fixed Header部分定义如下：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

（2）CONNECT类型的消息是有可变报头和负载的。对于可变报头部分，按照以下格式编码：

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

（3）负载部分的数据是按照以下格式编码

![20200707162930422.png][]

3、生成登陆上报数据包

int mqtt\_connect\_messageV311(unsigned char \*mqtt\_message,char \*client\_id,char \*username,char \*password)

char i = 0;

char client\_id\_length = strlen(client\_id);

int username\_length = strlen(username);

int password\_length = strlen(password);

int packetLen = 10 + 2 + client\_id\_length + 2 + username\_length + 2 + password\_length;

mqtt\_message\[0\] = 16;                // MQTT Message Type CONNECT

mqtt\_message\[1\] = packetLen%256;    //remainning length

baseIndex = 2;

if( packetLen >127 )\{//

mqtt\_message\[2\] = 1;//packetLen/127;

baseIndex = 3;

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex\] = 0;      // Protocol Name Length MSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+1\] = 4;    // Protocol Name Length LSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+2\] = 77;      // ASCII Code for M

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+3\] = 81;      // ASCII Code for Q

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+4\] = 84;      // ASCII Code for T

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+5\] = 84;      // ASCII Code for T

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+6\] = 4;  //MQTT协议版本 MQTT Protocol version = 3.1.1 这个必须固定为4，即3.1.1版，OneNET只支持这一版本协议，不支持更早版本的协议。

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+7\] = 194;   // conn flags 0xc2 使能user flag 、password flag 、Cleaning Session flag  ,不允许匿名登陆，因此user flag 、password flag这两个标志位在连接时必须设置为1，否则认为协议错误，平台将会断开连接

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+8\] = 0;  // 保持连接 以秒为单位 高位 Length MSB，OneNET规定最短120秒，最长65535秒，这里设置的值180，也就是180秒

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+9\] = 180;  // Keep-alive Time Length LSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+10\] = 0;    // Client ID length MSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+11\] = client\_id\_length;// Client ID length LSB

baseIndex += 12;

// Client ID 即 onenet设备ID(DeviceID)"68888999"

for(i = 0; i < client\_id\_length; i++)\{

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex + i\] = client\_id\[i\];

baseIndex = baseIndex+client\_id\_length;

//username 即  onenet产品ID(ProduceID)"223344"

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex\] = 0;                  //username length MSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+1\] = username\_length;   //username length LSB

baseIndex = baseIndex+2;

for(i = 0; i < username\_length ; i++)\{

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex + i\] = username\[i\];

baseIndex = baseIndex + username\_length;

//password  即 onenet  AuthCode 为鉴权信息（创建设备的时候所指定）"88888"

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex\] = 0;                      //password length MSB

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex+1\] = password\_length;       //password length LSB

baseIndex = baseIndex + 2;

for(i = 0; i < password\_length ; i++)\{

mqtt\_message\[baseIndex + i\] = password\[i\];

baseIndex += password\_length;

return baseIndex;

发送hex：\[37\]10 23 00 04 4D 51 54 54 04 C2 00 B4 00 08 36 38 38 38 38 39 39 39 00 06 32 32 33 33 34 34 00 05 38 38 38 38 38

发送：\[37\]\_x0010\_\#MQTT麓6888899922334488888

\[2020-07-06 17:17:56 \] 接收hex\[4\]：20 02 01 00  //00 连接成功

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

4、发送CONNECT报文之后,OneNet平台上相应的设备在线。

![20200707163011569.png][]

五、数据上报

包文格式：固定报头\+可变报头\+负载

1、固定报头

根据MQTT协议规定的上传报文中的固定报头格式如下：

![20200707163018298.png][]

TCP负载第一个字节0x32中的“3”表示上传数据报文，其中的“2”表示QoS值为1

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2ZseW1lMjAxMA_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

2、可变报头其报文格式如下：

![20200707163036566.png][]

（1）TopicName主题名：”$dp”，OneNET规定，”$dp”为系统上传数据点的指令;（2）PacketIdentifier报文标识符，QoS为1时，这两个字节是必须的，固定为0x00 0x0a。

3、负载Payload包含真正的数据点内容,支持的格式如下：

![20200707163046363.png][]

数据类型3(type == 3)格式说明：

<table style="margin-left:6.75pt;width:483.8pt;"> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> Byte 1 </td> 
 <td style="width:262.15pt;"> 数据点类型指示：type=3 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// JSON格式2字符串 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 0 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 1 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> 1 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> Byte 2 </td> 
 <td style="width:262.15pt;"> //指示后面字符串长度 固定两字节长度高位字节 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> Byte 3 </td> 
 <td style="width:262.15pt;"> 固定两字节长度低位字节 </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> Byte 4 </td> 
 <td style="width:262.15pt;"> 通用格式： { “datastream_id1”:”value1”,&nbsp; “datastream_id2”:”value2”, … } &nbsp; 示例： {“temperature”:22.5,”humidity”:”95.2%”} </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
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 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> … … … … </td> 
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 </tr> 
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 <td style="width:67.25pt;"> Byte n </td> 
 <td style="width:19.3pt;"> &nbsp; </td> 
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</table>

内容：负载的第一个字节为0x03，即采用数据类型3格式（Type=3）

根据类型3的说明本例数据为\{"power":1\}

发送数据包hex：32 15 00 03 24 64 70 00 0A 03 00 0B 7B 22 70 6F 77 65 72 22 3A 31 7D

接收应答包hex：40 02 00 0A

![20200707163107509.png][]

*  命令下发

格式 ：固定报头（0x30)+长度+可变报头\+负载

可变报头部分数据格式如下：

![20200707163146756.png][]

命令发送时，实际发送到主题：**$****creq/cmduuid**  
命令回复时，实际发送到主题：**$crsp/cmduuid**

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