MySQL 5.7.25 Windows平台安装(详细版)

朱雀 2023-02-20 02:50 264阅读 0赞

## 前言 ##

> MYSQl安装的两种传统方式：  
> 第一种：msi格式的安装程序  
> 第二种：免安装MySQL程序包(本文重点介绍这种方式)

## 源文件包下载 ##

> 下载地址：[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/][https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql]

## 目录规划 ##

> 其中data、log目录需要手动创建

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th>目录名称</th> 
   <th>参数名称</th> 
   <th>路径地址</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td>安装目录</td> 
   <td>basedir</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>数据文件目录</td> 
   <td>datadir</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\data</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>临时文件目录</td> 
   <td>tmpdir</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\data</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>socket文件目录</td> 
   <td>socket</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\data\mysql.sock</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>bin日志文件目录</td> 
   <td>log_bin</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\log\mysql-bin.log</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td>relay日志文件目录</td> 
   <td>relay_log</td> 
   <td>D:\enviroment\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\log\mysql-relay.log</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  最终目录结构，如下图：  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

## 建立配置文件 ##

*  windows 版本的MySQL 默认首先读取C盘跟目录下的my.ini文件，然后是my.cnf,最后会在%WINDIR%的目录
 *  当然我们可以在启动时手动指定，我们这里建立c:\\my.ini

[mysql]
    user =
    password =
    [mysqld]
    #-----------------MySQL Basic Setting-----------------#
    server-id = 1723161113
    port = 3306
    user = mysql
    pid-file = mysql.pid
    character_set_server = utf8mb4
    default_storage_engine = InnoDB
    skip_name_resolve = 1
    lower_case_table_names = 1
    explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
    open_files_limit = 65535
    max_connections = 1000
    max_connect_errors = 100000
    basedir = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64
    datadir = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\\data
    tmpdir = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\\data
    socket = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\\data\\mysql.sock
    query_cache_type = 1
    query_cache_size = 32M
    join_buffer_size = 64M
    tmp_table_size = 64M
    max_allowed_packet = 32M
    read_buffer_size = 16M
    read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M
    sort_buffer_size = 32M
    #-----------------MySQL Log Setting-----------------#
    log_error = mysql-error.log
    log_bin = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\\log\\mysql-bin.log
    slow_query_log_file = mysql-slow.log
    relay_log = D:\\enviroment\\mysql-5.7.25-winx64\\log\\mysql-relay.log
    log_slave_updates = 1
    sync_binlog = 1
    relay_log_recovery = 1
    binlog_format = row
    expire_logs_days = 14
    slow_query_log = 1
    long_query_time = 2
    log_queries_not_using_indexes = 1
    log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 10
    log_slow_admin_statements = 1
    log_slow_slave_statements = 1
    min_examined_row_limit = 1000
    #-----------------MySQL Replication Setting-----------------#
    slave_skip_errors = ddl_exist_errors
    master_info_repository = TABLE
    relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
    gtid_mode = on
    enforce_gtid_consistency = 1
    binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1
    #-----------------MySQL InnoDB Setting-----------------#
    innodb_page_size = 16384
    innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
    innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
    innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
    innodb_file_per_table = 1
    innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1
    innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1
    innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
    innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 5
    innodb_io_capacity = 800
    innodb_io_capacity_max = 2000
    #innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
    #innodb_file_format_check = 1
    innodb_file_format = Barracuda
    innodb_file_format_max = Barracuda
    innodb_undo_logs = 128
    innodb_undo_tablespaces = 3
    innodb_flush_neighbors = 1
    innodb_log_file_size = 2G
    innodb_log_buffer_size = 16777216
    innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1
    innodb_strict_mode = 1
    innodb_sort_buffer_size = 67108864
    #skip-grant-tables=1
    #-----------------MySQL semi Replication Setting-----------------#
    #plugin_dir = /usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin
    #plugin_load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
    #loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
    #loose_rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
    #loose_rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 5000

*  注意 这里我是将linux平台的参数拷过来的，可保证正常初始化
 *  需要将innodb\_flush\_method 参数注释掉，因为不支持O\_DIRECT方法。
 *  路径需要用两个反斜杠

## 初始化数据库 ##

*  接下来我们初始化MySQL，使用 **管理员权限** 打开powershell (cmd亦可)

### 方式一： ###

e:\mysql\bin\mysqld --initialize --console

### 方式二： ###

1、执行数据库初始化状态
    mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
    2、初始化完成，执行数据库的服务注册安装
    mysqld --install MYSQL --user=mysql

*  初始化完成后会自动生成密码，请记住他
 *  初始化完成后data 及 log目录会有相应的文件

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1]

## 添加MySQL至服务 ##

mysqld --install

*  这时我们就可以使用windows 服务启停数据库了
 *  将MySQL bin目录添加至PATH环境变量
 *  修改后记得重新打开命令窗口  
    ![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2]

## 连接数据库 ##

### 第一步: 开启 --skip-grant-tables ###

mysqld --skip-grant-tables

### 第二步：进入mysql ###

mysql

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3]

show databases;
    use mysql;

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]

mysql>update user set password = password('要更改的密码') where user='root';
    mysql> flush privileges;
    mysql> quit;

## 启停数据库 ##

*  检测是否安装成功

c:\Users\System32\net start mysql
    
    c:\Users\System32\net stop mysql

![在这里插入图片描述][20200622171844686.png]

> 参考资源:  
> [http://blog.itpub.net/28413242/viewspace-2650128/][http_blog.itpub.net_28413242_viewspace-2650128]  
> [https://blog.csdn.net/weixin\_30443731/article/details/99822613][https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_30443731_article_details_99822613]

> 学习Java的同学注意了！！！  
> 学习过程中遇到什么问题或者想获取学习资源的话，欢迎加入Java学习交流群，群号码：543120397 我们一起学Java！

[https_dev.mysql.com_downloads_mysql]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
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[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200622170945984.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3UwMTQzNDQ2Njg=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70
[20200622171844686.png]: https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200622171844686.png
[http_blog.itpub.net_28413242_viewspace-2650128]: http://blog.itpub.net/28413242/viewspace-2650128/
[https_blog.csdn.net_weixin_30443731_article_details_99822613]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30443731/article/details/99822613