python--积累--class转json，复杂格式转json

傷城~ 2023-02-13 14:39 46阅读 0赞

# 简单对象或者字典转json #

import json
    
    d = {'a': 'aaa', 'b': ['b1', 'b2', 'b3'], 'c': 100}
    json_str = json.dumps(d)
    print json_str

# lambda 方式实现class转换json #

import json
    
    class Customer:
        def __init__(self, name, grade, age, home, office):
            self.name = name
            self.grade = grade
            self.age = age
            self.address = Address(home, office)
        def __repr__(self):
            return repr((self.name, self.grade, self.age,self.address.home, self.address.office))
    
    customers = [
    Customer('john', 'A', 15, '111', 'aaa'),
    Customer('jane', 'B', 12, '222', 'bbb'),
    Customer('dave', 'B', 10, '333', 'ccc'),
    ]
    
    json_str = json.dumps(customers, default=lambda o: o.__dict__, sort_keys=True, indent=4)
    print json_str

成功运行输出如下：

[
    {
    "address": {
    "home": "111",
    "office": "aaa"
    },
    "age": 15,
    "grade": "A",
    "name": "john"
    },
    {
    "address": {
    "home": "222",
    "office": "bbb"
    },
    "age": 12,
    "grade": "B",
    "name": "jane"
    },
    {
    "address": {
    "home": "333",
    "office": "ccc"
    },
    "age": 10,
    "grade": "B",
    "name": "dave"
    }
    ]

可能遇到的问题–中文乱码

解决方法 --增加ensure\_ascii=False属性

json.dumps 进行序列化时，默认使用ascii编码， print json.dumps(dic)输出unicode编码的结果： \{“a”: “\\u4e2d\\u56fd”\}  
json.dumps(dic,ensure\_ascii=False)，不使用ascii编码，输出结果为：\{“a”: “中国”\}  
但是有时也碰到 json.dumps(m,ensure\_ascii=False)之后依旧是乱码的格式，可采取下面方式处理：

#coding=utf-8
    import json 
    
    dic = {"a":"中国"}
    print json.dumps(dic,ensure_ascii=False).decode("utf-8").encode("gb2312") #{"a":"中国"}

# 遍历方式实现class转换json #

# -*- encoding: UTF-8 -*-
    class Student:
      name = ''
      age = 0
      def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    def convert_to_dict(obj):
      '''把Object对象转换成Dict对象'''
      dict = {}
      dict.update(obj.__dict__)
      return dict
    def convert_to_dicts(objs):
      '''把对象列表转换为字典列表'''
      obj_arr = []
      for o in objs:
        #把Object对象转换成Dict对象
        dict = {}
        dict.update(o.__dict__)
        obj_arr.append(dict)
      return obj_arr
    def class_to_dict(obj):
      '''把对象(支持单个对象、list、set)转换成字典'''
      is_list = obj.__class__ == [].__class__
      is_set = obj.__class__ == set().__class__
      if is_list or is_set:
        obj_arr = []
        for o in obj:
          #把Object对象转换成Dict对象
          dict = {}
          dict.update(o.__dict__)
          obj_arr.append(dict)
        return obj_arr
      else:
        dict = {}
        dict.update(obj.__dict__)
        return dict
    stu = Student('zhangsan', 20)
    print '-----------'
    print convert_to_dict(stu)
    print '-----------'
    print convert_to_dicts([stu, stu])
    print '-----------'
    print class_to_dict(stu)
    print '-----------'
    print class_to_dict([stu, stu])
    stua = Student('zhangsan', 20)
    stub = Student('lisi', 10)
    stu_set = set()
    stu_set.add(stua)
    stu_set.add(stub)
    print class_to_dict(stu_set)

成功输出如下：

-----------
    {'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}
    -----------
    [{'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}, {'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}]
    -----------
    {'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}
    -----------
    [{'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}, {'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}]
    [{'age': 10, 'name': 'lisi'}, {'age': 20, 'name': 'zhangsan'}]

参考链接：  
https://www.jb51.net/article/80791.htm  
https://www.cnblogs.com/qiumingcheng/p/11589657.html