错误1698（28000）：用户&#39；root&#39；@&#39；localhost&#39；的访问被拒绝

墨蓝 2022-11-25 13:01 238阅读 0赞

本文翻译自：[ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'][ERROR 1698 _28000_ Access denied for user _root_localhost]

*I'm setting up a new server and keep running into this problem.* **我正在设置新服务器，并继续遇到此问题。**

*When I try to login to the MySQL database with the root user, I get the error:* **当我尝试以root用户登录MySQL数据库时，出现错误：**

> *ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'* **错误1698（28000）：用户'root'@'localhost'的访问被拒绝**

*It doesn't matter if I connect through the terminal(SSH), through PHPMyAdmin or a MySQL Client, eg Navicat.* **是否通过终端（SSH），PHPMyAdmin或MySQL客户端（例如Navicat）连接都没有关系。** *They all fail.* **他们都失败了。**

*I looked in the mysql.user table and get the following:* **我在mysql.user表中查看了以下内容：**

*As you can see, root should have access.* **如您所见，root应该具有访问权限。**

*The Server is quite simple, as I have tried to troubleshoot this for a while now..* **该服务器非常简单，因为我已经尝试解决了一段时间。**

*It's running Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS with Apache, MySQL and PHP, so that it can host websites, and iRedMail 0.9.5-1, so that it can host mail.* **它运行Apache，MySQL和PHP的Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS，因此可以托管网站，而iRedMail 0.9.5-1则可以托管邮件。**

*Login in to the MySQL database works fine before I install iRedMail.* **在安装iRedMail之前，登录MySQL数据库工作正常。** *I also tried, just installing iRedMail, but then root, also doesn't work...* **我也尝试过，只是安装了iRedMail，但是然后以root身份也不起作用...**

*If someone could tell me how I fix my MySQL login problem or how I install iRedMail, on top of an existing MySQL install.* **如果有人可以告诉我如何解决MySQL登录问题或如何安装iRedMail，请在现有的MySQL安装之上。** *And yes I tried the [Installation Tips][] and I can't find those variables in the config files.* **是的，我尝试了[安装技巧][Installation Tips] ，但在配置文件中找不到那些变量。**

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### \#1楼 ###

参考：[https://stackoom.com/question/2EOW6/错误-用户-root-localhost-的访问被拒绝][https_stackoom.com_question_2EOW6_-_-root-localhost-]

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### \#2楼 ###

*You want to access MySQL with root user but you're not providing root's correct password.* **您想以root用户访问MySQL，但没有提供root的正确密码。**

*If you need to **set a new password for root** , MySQL's site has great documentation on how to do it: [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html][http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_resetting-permissions.html]* **如果您需要为root设置一个新密码 ，MySQL的站点上有很多有关如何执行此操作的文档： [http][http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_resetting-permissions.html] : [//dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html][http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_resetting-permissions.html]**

*I'll **not show the process in here** because **MySql documentation** on the above link **it's clear and concise** .* **我不会在这里显示该过程，因为上述链接上的MySql文档 清晰明了 。**

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### \#3楼 ###

*I would suggest to remove the Mysql connection -* **我建议删除Mysql连接-**

*UPDATE-This is for Mysql version 5.5,if your version is different ,please change the first line accordingly* **UPDATE-这是针对MySQL版本5.5的，如果您的版本不同，请相应地更改第一行**

sudo apt-get purge mysql-server mysql-client mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5
    sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql /var/lib/mysql
    sudo apt-get autoremove
    sudo apt-get autoclean

*And Install Again But this time set a root password yourself.* **并再次安装但是这次您自己设置一个root密码。** *This will save a lot of effort.* **这样可以节省很多精力。**

sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install mysql-server

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### \#4楼 ###

*Some systems like Ubuntu, mysql is using by default the [UNIX auth\_socket plugin][UNIX auth_socket plugin] .* **某些系统，例如Ubuntu，mysql，默认情况下使用[UNIX auth\_socket插件][UNIX auth_socket plugin] 。**

*Basically means that: db\_users using it, will be "auth" by **the system user credentias.*** **基本上意味着： *使用它的db\_users，将由系统用户凭据 “认证” 。*** *You can see if your `root` user is set up like this by doing the following:* **您可以通过执行以下操作来查看是否以这种方式设置了`root`用户：**

*As you can see in the query, the `root` user is using the `auth_socket` plugin* **如您在查询中所看到的， `root`用户正在使用`auth_socket`插件**

*There are 2 ways to solve this:* **有两种解决方法：**

1.  *You can set the root user to use the `mysql_native_password` plugin* **您可以设置root用户使用`mysql_native_password`插件**
2.  *You can create a new `db_user` with you `system_user` (recommended)* **您可以使用`db_user`创建一个新的`system_user` （推荐）**

***Option 1:*** **选项1：**

$ sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since is new installation
    
    mysql> USE mysql;
    mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE User='root';
    mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    mysql> exit;
    
    $ service mysql restart

***Option 2:** (replace YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER with the username you have)* **选项2 ：（用您拥有的用户名替换YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER）**

$ sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since is new installation
    
    mysql> USE mysql;
    mysql> CREATE USER 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '';
    mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost';
    mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='auth_socket' WHERE User='YOUR_SYSTEM_USER';
    mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    mysql> exit;
    
    $ service mysql restart

*Remember that if you use option \#2 you'll have to connect to mysql as your system username ( `mysql -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER` )* **请记住，如果使用选项＃2，则必须以系统用户名连接到mysql（ `mysql -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER` ）**

***Note:** On some systems (eg, Debian stretch) 'auth\_socket' plugin is called ['unix\_socket'][unix_socket] , so the corresponding SQL command should be: `UPDATE user SET plugin='unix_socket' WHERE User='YOUR_SYSTEM_USER';`* **注意：在某些系统上（例如Debian Stretch），“ auth\_socket”插件称为[“ unix\_socket”][unix_socket] ，因此相应的SQL命令应为： `UPDATE user SET plugin='unix_socket' WHERE User='YOUR_SYSTEM_USER';`**

***Update:** from @andy's comment seems that mysql 8.xx updated/replaced the `auth_socket` for `caching_sha2_password` I don't have a system setup with mysql 8.xx to test this, however the steps above should help you to understand the issue.* **更新： @andy的评论似乎是mysql 8.xx已更新/替换了`auth_socket`的`caching_sha2_password`我没有使用mysql 8.xx进行系统安装的测试程序，但是上述步骤应该可以帮助您理解问题。** *Here's the reply:* **这是答复：**

*One change as of MySQL 8.0.4 is that the new default authentication plugin is 'caching\_sha2\_password'.* ***自MySQL 8.0.4起，一项更改是新的默认身份验证插件为'caching\_sha2\_password'。*** *The new 'YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER' will have this auth plugin and you can login from the bash shell now with "mysql -u YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER -p" and provide the password for this user on the prompt.* ***新的“ YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER”将具有此auth插件，您现在可以使用“ mysql -u YOUR\_SYSTEM\_USER -p”从bash shell登录，并在提示符下提供该用户的密码。*** *No need for the "UPDATE user SET plugin" step.* ***不需要“更新用户SET插件”步骤。*** *For the 8.0.4 default auth plugin update see, [https://mysqlserverteam.com/mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching\_sha2\_password/][https_mysqlserverteam.com_mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching_sha2_password]* ***有关8.0.4默认身份验证插件更新，请参见[https://mysqlserverteam.com/mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching\_sha2\_password/][https_mysqlserverteam.com_mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching_sha2_password]***

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### \#5楼 ###

*I was having this issue on an Debian 8 VM that I was interacting with through Putty on my Windows 10 desktop.* **我在通过Windows 10桌面上的Putty与之交互的Debian 8 VM上遇到了这个问题。**

*I tried the various suggestions on here but nothing quite worked and I am running MariaDB on the Debian host.* **我在这里尝试了各种建议，但没有任何效果，并且我在Debian主机上运行MariaDB。** *In the end I found that I couldn't start the db server in safe mode but I didn't need to and the following commands actually worked for me ie allowing a newly created MySql user to log into the MySql/MariaDB server:* **最后，我发现我无法以安全模式启动数据库服务器，但我并不需要这样做，以下命令实际上对我有用：即允许新创建的MySql用户登录MySql / MariaDB服务器：**

sudo service mysql restart
    sudo mysql # logs in automatically into MariaDB
    use mysql;
    update user set plugin='' where user='your_user_name';
    flush privileges;
    exit;
    sudo service mysql restart # restarts the mysql service

*If the above doesn't quite work for you, follow the steps outlined in zetacu's post above ( [zetacu][] ) then follow my steps.* **如果上述方法不太适合您，请按照上面zetacu的帖子（ [zetacu][] ）中概述的步骤进行操作，然后按照我的步骤进行操作。**

*Now you should be able to use a remote terminal client and securely log into mysql using the command:* **现在，您应该能够使用远程终端客户端，并使用以下命令安全地登录mysql了：**

mysql -u your_user_name -p

*\*type in the password when prompted* **\*提示时输入密码**

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### \#6楼 ###

*First step: go to /etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php then uncomment lines where you find AllowNoPassword .* **第一步：转到/etc/phpmyadmin/config.inc.php，然后取消注释行，在其中找到AllowNoPassword。** *Second step: login to your mysql default account* **第二步：登录到您的mysql默认帐户**

mysql -u root -p
    use mysql;
    update user set plugin="" where user='root';
    flush privilege;

*and that's all!* **就这样！**

[ERROR 1698 _28000_ Access denied for user _root_localhost]: https://oldbug.net/q/2EOW6/ERROR-1698-28000-Access-denied-for-user-root-localhost
[Installation Tips]: https://code.google.com/archive/p/iredmail/wikis/Installation_Tips.wiki
[https_stackoom.com_question_2EOW6_-_-root-localhost-]: https://stackoom.com/question/2EOW6/%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF-%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7-root-localhost-%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E8%A2%AB%E6%8B%92%E7%BB%9D
[http_dev.mysql.com_doc_refman_5.7_en_resetting-permissions.html]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html
[UNIX auth_socket plugin]: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-security-excerpt/5.5/en/socket-pluggable-authentication.html
[unix_socket]: https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/authentication-plugin-unix-socket/
[https_mysqlserverteam.com_mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching_sha2_password]: https://mysqlserverteam.com/mysql-8-0-4-new-default-authentication-plugin-caching_sha2_password/
[zetacu]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/42742610/4826364