kubeadm部署k8s高可用集群 Kubernetes 1.18.14（其他版本替换版本号1.18.14即可）

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-10-16 13:22 243阅读 0赞

## kubeadm部署k8s高可用集群 Kubernetes 1.18.14（其他版本替换版本号1.18.14即可） ##

集群角色

<table> 
 <thead> 
  <tr> 
   <th align="center">角色</th> 
   <th align="center">IP地址</th> 
   <th align="center">主机名</th> 
  </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">master1</td> 
   <td align="center">192.168.26.100</td> 
   <td align="center">k8s-01</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">master2/node</td> 
   <td align="center">192.168.26.120</td> 
   <td align="center">k8s-02</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">master3/node</td> 
   <td align="center">192.168.26.130</td> 
   <td align="center">k8s-03</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">node</td> 
   <td align="center">192.168.26.170</td> 
   <td align="center">k8s-04</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td align="center">vip</td> 
   <td align="center">192.168.26.150</td> 
   <td align="center"></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

在192.168.26.100这台master操作

这里写个脚本  
我们用master1机器做ssh免密  
快速修改hosts和主机名

##先添加hosts文件
    cat >> /etc/hosts <<EOF 192.168.26.100 k8s-01 192.168.26.120 k8s-02 192.168.26.130 k8s-03 192.168.26.170 k8s-04 EOF

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install expect ##4台都安装
    [root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen ##一顿回车 生成公钥

vim ssh-hosts.sh
    
    #!/bin/bash
    ##下方ip地址和主机名修改成自己的
    ##656768是密码也修改成自己的
    for i in 192.168.26.100 192.168.26.120 192.168.26.130 192.168.26.170 k8s-02 k8s-03 k8s-04;do
    expect -c " spawn ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@$i expect { \"*yes/no*\" {send \"yes\r\"; exp_continue} \"*password*\" {send \"656768\r\"; exp_continue} \"*Password*\" {send \"656768\r\";} } "
    done
    for host_name in k8s-02 k8s-03 k8s-04;do
    scp /etc/hosts $host_name:/etc/
    done

上面的脚本已经同步了hosts文件，下一步修改对应的主机名

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-01 ##先修改自己的主机名
    
    ssh k8s-02  ##第二台
    hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-02 
    exit
    
    ssh k8s-03  ##第三台
    hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-03
    exit
    
    ssh k8s-04  ##第四台
    hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-04
    exit
    
    回来100节点 ping检查以下是否有误
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-01
    PING k8s-01 (192.168.26.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-01 (192.168.26.100): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-02
    PING k8s-02 (192.168.26.120) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-02 (192.168.26.120): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.252 ms
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-03
    PING k8s-03 (192.168.26.130) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-03 (192.168.26.130): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.234 ms
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ping k8s-04
    PING k8s-04 (192.168.26.170) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from k8s-04 (192.168.26.170): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.151 ms

ok 初始环境准备完事，开始修改各节点系统配置

### 1. 配置系统环境 （全部机器执行） ###

**以下操作默认每台机器都要执行**

##可以每个步骤手敲，也可以直接建个脚本scp到各台机器，自动部署
    vim k8s_init.sh
    
    #!/bin/bash
    ##安装相关软件
    yum install -y epel-release conntrack ipvsadm ipset jq sysstat curl iptables libseccomp
    wait 
    
    ##关闭防火墙firewalld
    systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
    wait
    
    ##关闭iptables
    iptables -F && iptables -X && iptables -F -t nat && iptables -X -t nat && iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
    wait
    
    ##关闭防火墙SELINUX
    setenforce 0
    sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g" /etc/selinux/config
    wait
    
    ##关闭swap分区
    swapoff -a
    sed -i '/ swap / s/^$.*$$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
    wait
    
    ##开启网络转发
    cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF #!/bin/bash modprobe -- ip_vs modprobe -- ip_vs_rr modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr modprobe -- ip_vs_sh modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4 modprobe -- br_netfilter EOF
    wait
    chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
    wait
    
    ##系统配置
    cat << EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1 net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0 vm.swappiness=0 vm.overcommit_memory=1 vm.panic_on_oom=0 fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100 fs.file-max=52706963 fs.nr_open=52706963 net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1 net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720 EOF
    wait
    sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
    
    ##安装docker环境
    yum remove -y docker \
               docker-client \
               docker-client-latest \
               docker-common \
               docker-latest \
               docker-latest-logrotate \
               docker-logrotate \
               docker-selinux \
               docker-engine-selinux \
               docker-engine
    wait
    yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
    yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
    yum makecache fast
    yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
    yum -y install docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7
    systemctl start docker
    systemctl enable docker
    sed -i "13i ExecStartPost=/usr/sbin/iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT" /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    wait
    
    ##配置加速器
    tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://bk6kzfqm.mirror.aliyuncs.com"], "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "log-driver": "json-file", "log-opts": { "max-size": "100m" }, "storage-driver": "overlay2", "storage-opts": [ "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true" ] } EOF
    wait
    
    ##重启docker
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl restart docker
    
    wait
    #安装k8s组件
    cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 repo_gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg EOF
    #重建yum缓存，输入y添加证书认证
    wait
    yum makecache fast
    wait
    yum install -y kubelet-1.18.14 kubectl-1.18.14 kubeadm-1.18.14
    wait
    
    ##将 Container Runtime、kubelet 配置成使用 systemd 来作为 cgroup 驱动
    echo "KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--cgroup-driver=systemd" > /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
    wait
    systemctl daemon-reload
    systemctl restart kubelet
    systemctl enable --now kubelet
    systemctl status kubelet
    
    #安装bash自动补全插件
    yum install bash-completion -y
    
    #设置kubectl与kubeadm命令补全，下次login生效
    kubectl completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubectl
    kubeadm completion bash > /etc/bash_completion.d/kubeadm

### 2.master节点配置高可用 （3台master机器执行） ###

#### 1.安装/配置keepalived haproxy ####

yum install keepalived haproxy -y

##修改配置文件
    ##修改k8s-01的配置文件
    vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

global_defs { 
        router_id LVS_DEVEL_01 //此处变量应保持唯一
    }
    vrrp_script chk_apiserver { 
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"  //健康检查脚本
        interval 8 
        weight -5
        fall 3  
        rise 2
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
        state MASTER    //主节点
        interface eth0  //网卡名
        mcast_src_ip 192.168.26.100   //本机ip
        virtual_router_id 51     //两台主机需保持一致
        priority 150   //权重，主节点应大于备份节点
        advert_int 1
        authentication { 
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
        }
        virtual_ipaddress { 
            192.168.26.150/24  //虚拟ip
        }
        track_script { 
           chk_apiserver
        }
    }

k8s-02和k8s-03类似

#vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    global_defs { 
        router_id LVS_DEVEL_02
    }
    vrrp_script chk_apiserver { 
        script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh" 
        interval 8
        weight -5
        fall 3  
        rise 2
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
        state BACKUP  //备份节点
        interface eth0
        mcast_src_ip 192.168.26.120
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 100
        advert_int 1
        authentication { 
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
        }
        virtual_ipaddress { 
            192.168.26.150/24
        }
        track_script { 
           chk_apiserver
        }
    }

#### 2.编辑3台master的检测脚本 ####

#vi /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh
    err=0
    for k in $(seq 1 5)
    do
        check_code=$(pgrep kube-apiserver)
        if [[ $check_code == "" ]]; then
            err=$(expr $err + 1)
            sleep 5
            continue
        else
            err=0
            break
        fi
    done
    
    if [[ $err != "0" ]]; then
        echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
        /usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
        exit 1
    else
        exit 0
    fi

#### 3.配置haproxy.cfg (3台master都要操作) ####

cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Global settings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will # need to: # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done # by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log # file. A line like the following can be added to # /etc/sysconfig/syslog # # local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log # log 127.0.0.1 local2 chroot /var/lib/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn 4000 user haproxy group haproxy daemon # turn on stats unix socket stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will # use if not designated in their block #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults mode http log global option httplog option dontlognull option http-server-close option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 option redispatch retries 3 timeout http-request 10s timeout queue 1m timeout connect 10s timeout client 1m timeout server 1m timeout http-keep-alive 10s timeout check 10s maxconn 3000 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- frontend kubernetes-apiserver mode tcp bind *:16443 option tcplog default_backend kubernetes-apiserver #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # round robin balancing between the various backends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backend kubernetes-apiserver mode tcp balance roundrobin server k8s-01 192.168.26.100:6443 check server k8s-02 192.168.26.120:6443 check server k8s-03 192.168.26.130:6443 check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # collection haproxy statistics message #--------------------------------------------------------------------- listen stats bind *:1080 stats auth admin:awesomePassword stats refresh 5s stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics stats uri /admin?stats EOF

#### 4.启动和检查两个服务 ####

systemctl enable keepalived.service
    systemctl start keepalived.service
    systemctl status keepalived.service
    
    ip a s eth0
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ip a s eth0
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:0c:29:bf:bf:a5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        inet 192.168.26.100/24 brd 192.168.26.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
        inet 192.168.26.150/24 scope global secondary eth0
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

systemctl enable haproxy
    systemctl start haproxy
    systemctl status haproxy
    
    ss -anput |grep haproxy
    
    [root@k8s-01 ~]# ss -anput |grep haproxy
    udp    UNCONN     0      0         *:56573                 *:*                   users:(("haproxy",pid=69064,fd=6),("haproxy",pid=69063,fd=6))
    tcp    LISTEN     0      128       *:1080                  *:*                   users:(("haproxy",pid=69064,fd=7))
    tcp    LISTEN     0      128       *:16443                 *:*                   users:(("haproxy",pid=69064,fd=5))

### 3.初始化集群（k8s-01操作) ###

kubeadm init \
      --control-plane-endpoint "192.168.26.150:16443" \ 
      --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" \
      --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" \
      --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" \
      --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" \
      --token-ttl "0" \
      --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
      --upload-certs
    
    ##上面的命令会有格式问题请勿直接粘贴，用下面粘贴版本 
    
    kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint "192.168.26.150:16443" --kubernetes-version "1.18.14" --pod-network-cidr "10.0.0.0/8" --service-cidr "172.16.0.0/16" --token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" --token-ttl "0" --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --upload-certs
    
    ##初始命令会拉取集群镜像根据网络不同，等待时间不同，耐心等待

**参数解释：**  
–control-plane-endpoint：为控制平面指定一个固定的虚拟IP地址。其值应与负载均衡vip一致，若负载均衡与master位于同一主机，请指定与6443不同的端口号。

–kubernetes-version：指定kubernetes版本号。

–pod-network-cidr：指定pod网络的IP地址集。

–service-cidr：为service VIPs指定IP地址集。

–token：用于控制平面和节点之间建立双向结构。

–token-ttl：设置token过期时间。“0”表示不过期。

–image-repository ：指定拉取控制平面镜像的仓库。

–upload-certs：上传控制平面证书到kubeadm-certs Secret。

##输出以下结果说明成功
    ##如果失败，检查vip是否启动成功 
    ##kubeadm reset 后重新执行初始化
    Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
    
    To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
    ##这段用来配置kubectl管理集群（只要安装了kubectl就能配置管理集群）
      mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
      sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config ##提示没有admin.conf 就从master机器scp一份
      sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    
    You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
    Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
      https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
    
    You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:
    ##这段用来加入master节点
      kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
        --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab
    
    Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
    As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
    "kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs" to reload certs afterward.
    
    Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
    ##这段用来加入node节点
    kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

##配置kubectl管理
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

master节点用这段  
![\[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-6Xa6vAI1-1622360681295)(C:\\Users\\涛娃子\\AppData\\Roaming\\Typora\\typora-user-images\\1622357264225.png)\]][img-6Xa6vAI1-1622360681295_C_Users_AppData_Roaming_Typora_typora-user-images_1622357264225.png]node节点复制这段  
![在这里插入图片描述][20210530154803453.png]

### 4.其他节点加入集群 ###

k8s-02

kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f \
        --control-plane --certificate-key 0b6faa9d215fd51d97587ece45480abe58b88607c8cb776fc85d0edd354c8dab

##配置kubectl管理
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

k8s-03

##配置kubectl管理
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

k8s-04（node节点）

kubeadm join 192.168.26.150:16443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:e7fd94ec50ce57faea088f3358808f7155ffab364cac8ee2a4c8e66a8f7b6f8f

如果需要在node节点管理集群 也可以同上配置kubectl管理即可

这里我就跳过

查看集群状态，NotReady说明正常，因为还没配置网络

### 5.配置网络calico （k8s-01执行） ###

wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/v3.15/manifests/calico.yaml
    vim  calico.yaml
    ## 搜ip地址192 大概是3580行 修改成刚刚初始化的pod网段后删除掉注释 保存退出

修改后效果  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h0OTk5OWk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]

kubectl apply -f calico.yaml ##等待calico的pod启动成功 需要下载镜像 
    kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群网络状态
    $ kubectl get nodes
    NAME     STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
    k8s-01   Ready    master   19m     v1.18.14
    k8s-02   Ready    master   14m     v1.18.14
    k8s-03   Ready    master   14m     v1.18.14
    k8s-04   Ready    <none>   6m30s   v1.18.14

### 6.修改标签，并且清除污点让master节点能运行pod ###

kubectl taint nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/master-  ##删除污点

kubectl label nodes <node-name> node-role.kubernetes.io/node=    ##给节点打标签

kubectl get nodes  ##查看集群状态
    NAME     STATUS   ROLES         AGE     VERSION
    k8s-01   Ready    master        19m     v1.18.14
    k8s-02   Ready    master,node   14m     v1.18.14
    k8s-03   Ready    master,node   14m     v1.18.14
    k8s-04   Ready    node          6m30s   v1.18.14

[img-6Xa6vAI1-1622360681295_C_Users_AppData_Roaming_Typora_typora-user-images_1622357264225.png]: /images/20221014/fd2134f76d7744a0ab234d6851285008.png
[20210530154803453.png]: /images/20221014/d1be15aec66141ccb2783c0bc74ab98c.png
[watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2h0OTk5OWk_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70]: /images/20221014/62d84c0c017d4527bd3e5dbc846d9232.png