rabbitMQ延迟队列实战

蔚落 2022-09-08 05:58 34阅读 0赞

本次延迟队列场景，先发一个消息到队列，这个队列没有消费者，这个队列延迟n秒后，会进入下一个逻辑处理。本次逻辑是消息会进入死信队列消费。上代码

maven

<dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
                <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
                <version>5.10.0</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>

定义一个全局配置类，来控制队列信息。本次使用注解配置，也可以使用xml配置。

@Configuration
    public class MqConfig {
        public static final String X_EXCHANGE = "X";
        public static final String QUEUE_A = "QA";
        public static final String QUEUE_B = "QB";
        public static final String Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE = "Y";
        public static final String DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE = "QD";
    
        // 声明 xExchange
        @Bean("xExchange")
        public DirectExchange xExchange() {
            return new DirectExchange(X_EXCHANGE);
        }
    
        // 声明 xExchange
        @Bean("yExchange")
        public DirectExchange yExchange() {
            return new DirectExchange(Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
        }
    
        // 声明队列 A ttl 为 10s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
        @Bean("queueA")
        public Queue queueA() {
            Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>(3);
                // 声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
            args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
                // 声明当前队列的死信路由 key
            args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
                // 声明队列的 TTL
            args.put("x-message-ttl", 10000);
            return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_A).withArguments(args).build();
        }
    
        // 声明队列 A 绑定 X 交换机
        @Bean
        public Binding queueaBindingX(@Qualifier("queueA") Queue queueA,
                                      @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange) {
            return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(xExchange).with("XA");
        }
    
        // 声明队列 B ttl 为 40s 并绑定到对应的死信交换机
        @Bean("queueB")
        public Queue queueB() {
            Map<String, Object> args = new HashMap<>(3);
            // 声明当前队列绑定的死信交换机
            args.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", Y_DEAD_LETTER_EXCHANGE);
            // 声明当前队列的死信路由 key
            args.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key", "YD");
            // 声明队列的 TTL
            args.put("x-message-ttl", 40000);
            return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_B).withArguments(args).build();
        }
    
    
        // 声明队列 B 绑定 X 交换机
        @Bean
        public Binding queuebBindingX(@Qualifier("queueB") Queue queue1B,
                                      @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange) {
            return BindingBuilder.bind(queue1B).to(xExchange).with("XB");
        }
    
        // 声明死信队列 QD
        @Bean("queueD")
        public Queue queueD() {
            return new Queue(DEAD_LETTER_QUEUE);
        }
    
        // 声明死信队列 QD 绑定关系
        @Bean
        public Binding deadLetterBindingQAD(@Qualifier("queueD") Queue queueD,
                                            @Qualifier("yExchange") DirectExchange yExchange) {
            return BindingBuilder.bind(queueD).to(yExchange).with("YD");
        }
    }

定义生产者

@Controller
    @Slf4j
    public class delayProduct {
        @Autowired
        private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
        @RequestMapping("/send/{ttl}")
        public void send(@PathVariable String ttl){
            log.info("---->send message to X whit routKey XA----->");
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X","XA",ttl);
    
            log.info("---->send message to X whit routKey XB----->");
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X","XB",ttl);
    
            log.info("send end!!!");
        }
    
    }

定义消费者，为了方便测试在期间消费的不再出现死信队列，我这里每个队列都定义了消费者。

@Slf4j
    @Component
    public class DelayComsume {
    
        @RabbitListener(queues = "QD")
        public void consumeQD(Message message){
            String msg = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("QD consumer------>"+msg);
        }
    
        @RabbitListener(queues = "QA")
        public void consumeQA(Message message){
            String msg = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("QA consumer------>"+msg);
        }
    
        @RabbitListener(queues = "QB")
        public void consumeQB(Message message) throws InterruptedException {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
            String msg = new String(message.getBody());
            log.info("QB consumer------>"+msg);
        }
    }

效果，当存在QAQB监听时，死信队列没有消费。如果去掉QAQB监听，则会在延迟时间之后进行消费

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