VC HID开发笔记

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-08-08 12:59 430阅读 0赞

**1、头文件包含，库文件链接**

在VC中开发HID应用程序时，需要包含setupapi.h和hidsdi.h，包含方式必须为extern "C",如下所示：

extern "C" \{  
// Declare the C libraries used  
\#include "setupapi.h" // Must link in setupapi.lib  
\#include "hidsdi.h" // Must link in hid.lib  
\}

然后在setting—>Link—>object/libary modules 中添加setupapi.lib hid.lib 两个库文件。

**2、Windows操作HID设备的API**

<table style="color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:Arial; font-size:14px; line-height:25.99431800842285px"> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td> API函数 </td> 
 <td> DLL </td> 
 <td> 功能 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidD_GetHidGuid </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 取得类别 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> SetupDiGetClassDevs </td> 
 <td> Setupapi.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取一个设备信息群，包含指定类的所有设备 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces </td> 
 <td> Setupapi.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取信息群内一个设备的信息 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail </td> 
 <td> Setupapi.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取设备路径 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidD_GetAttributes </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取厂商与产品，版本号 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidP_GetValueCaps </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取描述设备能力的结构 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> CreateFile ReadFile </td> 
 <td> Kernel32.dll Kernel32.dl </td> 
 <td> 开启设备通信 从设备读取一个报文 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> WriteFile </td> 
 <td> Kernel32.dll </td> 
 <td> 发送一个报文给设备 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> CloseHandle </td> 
 <td> Kernel32.dll </td> 
 <td> 释放CreateFile创建的资源 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList </td> 
 <td> Setupapi.dll </td> 
 <td> 释放SetupDiGetClassDevs使用的资源 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidD_GetPreparsedData </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 获取保存设备能力信息的缓冲器的句柄 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidD_SetFeature </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 发送一个特征报文给设备 </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td> HidD_GetFeature </td> 
 <td> Hid.dll </td> 
 <td> 从设备获取特征报文 </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

void \_\_stdcall HidD\_GetHidGuid(  
\_\_out LPGUID HidGuid //指针指向调用者分配的GUID的内存区域，通常返回HID设备的GUID  
);

HDEVINFO SetupDiGetClassDevs(  
\_\_in\_opt const GUID \*ClassGuid,// 一个特定类别GUID的指针  
 \_\_in\_opt PCTSTR Enumerator, //过滤梅举的内容  
 \_\_in\_opt HWND hwndParent, //用于关联到集合成员中的用户接口的顶层窗口句柄  
 \_\_in DWORD Flags //建立设备信息表的控制选项，DIGCF\_PRESENT(当前存在的设备)DIGCF\_ALLCLASSES(所有设备)DIGCF\_PROFILE(当前硬件概况);

如成功，返回包含所有与指定参数匹配的已经安装设备信息句柄，否则返回INVALID\_HANDLE\_VALUE

BOOL SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(  
\_\_in HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet, //一个指向设备信息集合的句柄,包含设备接口返回信息,通常是SetupDiGetClassDevs的返回  
\_\_in\_opt PSP\_DEVINFO\_DATA DeviceInfoData, //指向特定设备的[**SP\_DEVINFO\_DATA**][SP_DEVINFO_DATA] 类型的指针，  
\_\_in const GUID \*InterfaceClassGuid, //指向制定设备接口类的GUID指针  
\_\_in DWORD MemberIndex, //设备信息中接口列表的索引值（初始值为0）  
\_\_out PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA DeviceInterfaceData //指向调用者分配的[**SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA**][SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA]类型的内存区域的指针，调用前必须先配置*DeviceInterfaceData*.**cbSize = sizeof**(SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA)  
);

如成功，返回TRUE,否则返回FALSE,并可以调用GetLastError(void)获取错误信息

BOOL SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(  
\_\_in HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet, //一个指向设备信息集合的句柄,包含设备接口返回信息,通常是SetupDiGetClassDevs的返回  
\_\_in PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA DeviceInterfaceData, //指向[**SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA**][SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA]类型的内存区域的指针，SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces的返回  
\_\_out\_opt PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA DeviceInterfaceDetailData,//[**SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA**][SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA] 类型指针，用于获取路径，调用前必须先配置*DeviceInterfaceDetailData***.cbSize** =**sizeof**(SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA)  
\_\_in DWORD DeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, //*DeviceInterfaceDetailData* 的长度，  
\_\_out\_opt PDWORD RequiredSize, //*DeviceInterfaceDetailData* 的实际长度  
\_\_out\_opt PSP\_DEVINFO\_DATA DeviceInfoData //PSP\_DEVINFO\_DATA 类型的指针，存放支持的设备接口信息，*DeviceInfoData***.cbSize** =**sizeof**(SP\_DEVINFO\_DATA)  
);

如成功，返回TRUE,否则返回FALSE,并可以调用GetLastError(void)获取错误信息

BOOLEAN \_\_stdcall HidD\_GetAttributes(  
\_\_in HANDLE HidDeviceObject, //HID设备句柄  
\_\_out PHIDD\_ATTRIBUTES Attributes //[**HIDD\_ATTRIBUTES**][HIDD_ATTRIBUTES]类型指针  
);

HANDLE WINAPI CreateFile(  
\_\_in LPCTSTR lpFileName, //已打开的设备名称  
\_\_in DWORD dwDesiredAccess, //操作权限，GENERIC\_READ(读模式), GENERIC\_WRITE(写模式), 或者both  
\_\_in DWORD dwShareMode, //共享模式，0(禁止访问)，FILE\_SHARE\_DELETE(删除)，FILE\_SHARE\_READ(读)，FILE\_SHARE\_WRITE(写)

\_\_in\_opt LPSECURITY\_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, //[**SECURITY\_ATTRIBUTES**][SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES] 类型指针  
\_\_in DWORD dwCreationDisposition, //打开方式，对于设备来说经常设为 OPEN\_EXISTING  
\_\_in DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, //设备属性和标识，经常设为FILE\_ATTRIBUTE\_NORMAL  
\_\_in\_opt HANDLE hTemplateFile //模板文件句柄  
);

如成功，则返回一个文件或设备的句柄

BOOL WINAPI ReadFile(  
\_\_in HANDLE hFile, //文件或设备的句柄  
\_\_out LPVOID lpBuffer, //存放读取数据的指针

\_\_in DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead, //读取数据长度的最大值  
\_\_out\_opt LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead, //读取数据的实际长度  
\_\_inout\_opt LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //[**OVERLAPPED**][OVERLAPPED] 类型指针，如果该设备或文件被重复打开，需要传入次参数  
);

如成功，返回TRUE,否则返回FALSE,并可以调用GetLastError(void)获取错误信息

BOOL WINAPI WriteFile(  
\_\_in HANDLE hFile, //文件或设备的句柄  
\_\_in LPCVOID lpBuffer, //存放写入数据的指针  
\_\_in DWORD nNumberOfBytesToWrite, //写入数据长度的最大值  
\_\_out\_opt LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesWritten, //写入数据的实际长度  
\_\_inout\_opt LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped //[**OVERLAPPED**][OVERLAPPED] 类型指针，如果该设备或文件被重复打开，需要传入次参数  
);

如成功，返回TRUE,否则返回FALSE,并可以调用GetLastError(void)获取错误信息

BOOL SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList( \_\_in HDEVINFO DeviceInfoSet); //释放SetupDiGetClassDevs使用的资源

**3、代码示例**

打开一个指定VendorID和ProductID的HID设备

PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA HID\_FindDevices(USHORT V\_ID, USHORT P\_ID, unsigned short \*FIFO\_Length)  
\{  
GUID HidGuid;  
HDEVINFO DevInfo;  
HIDD\_ATTRIBUTES DevAttributes;  
SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DATA DevData;  
PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA DevDetail;  
PHIDP\_PREPARSED\_DATA PreparsedData;  
HIDP\_CAPS Capabilities;  
ULONG Length;  
int Index;  
  
BOOL ok;  
HANDLE DevHandle;  
int DevCount = 0;  
/\* Get GUID for all System HIDs \*/

HidD\_GetHidGuid(&HidGuid);

/\* Get Device Information for all present devices \*/  
DevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(&HidGuid,  
NULL,  
NULL,  
(DIGCF\_PRESENT | DIGCF\_DEVICEINTERFACE)  
);

DevData.cbSize = sizeof(DevData);

DevDetail = NULL;

Index = -1;  
\*FIFO\_Length = 0;  
/\* Scan all Devices \*/  
do \{

Index++;

/\* Device Interface Element of a Device Information set \*/  
ok = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(DevInfo,  
0,  
&HidGuid,  
Index,  
&DevData  
);  
if (!ok) break;

/\* Get Device Interface Details - Get Length \*/  
ok = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(DevInfo,  
&DevData,  
NULL,  
0,  
&Length,  
NULL  
);  
  
/\* Allocate memory for Device Detailed Data \*/  
DevDetail = (PSP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA) malloc(Length);

/\* Set cbSize in the DevDetail structure \*/  
DevDetail->cbSize = sizeof(SP\_DEVICE\_INTERFACE\_DETAIL\_DATA);

/\* Get Device Interface Details \*/  
ok = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(DevInfo,  
&DevData,  
DevDetail,  
Length,  
NULL,  
NULL  
);  
if (!ok)  
\{  
free(DevDetail);  
DevDetail = NULL;  
continue;  
\}  
  
/\* Create File for Device Read/Write \*/  
DevHandle = CreateFile(DevDetail->DevicePath,  
GENERIC\_READ | GENERIC\_WRITE,  
FILE\_SHARE\_READ | FILE\_SHARE\_WRITE,  
(LPSECURITY\_ATTRIBUTES)NULL,  
OPEN\_EXISTING,  
0,  
NULL  
);

if (DevHandle == INVALID\_HANDLE\_VALUE)  
\{  
free(DevDetail);  
DevDetail = NULL;  
continue;  
\}

DevAttributes.Size = sizeof(DevAttributes);  
ok = HidD\_GetAttributes(DevHandle,&DevAttributes);  
if(!ok)  
\{  
free(DevDetail);  
CloseHandle(DevHandle);  
DevDetail = NULL;  
continue;  
\}  
if(DevAttributes.VendorID!=V\_ID||DevAttributes.ProductID != P\_ID)  
\{  
free(DevDetail);  
CloseHandle(DevHandle);  
DevDetail = NULL;  
continue;  
\}  
/\* Get Preparsed Data \*/  
ok = HidD\_GetPreparsedData(DevHandle, &PreparsedData);  
if (!ok)  
\{  
free(DevDetail);  
CloseHandle(DevHandle);  
DevDetail = NULL;  
continue;  
\}

/\* Get Device's Capabilities \*/  
HidP\_GetCaps(PreparsedData, &Capabilities);  
\*FIFO\_Length = Capabilities.InputReportByteLength;

CloseHandle (DevHandle);  
break;

\} while (DevCount < 20); 
SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList (DevInfo);

return DevDetail;

转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/leo\_wonty/article/details/6716005

[SP_DEVINFO_DATA]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff552344%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
[SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff552342%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
[SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff552343%28v=VS.85%29.aspx
[HIDD_ATTRIBUTES]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff538868%28v=VS.85%29.aspx
[SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa379560%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
[OVERLAPPED]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684342%28v=VS.85%29.aspx