将十六进制数据转换成有符号十进制数

电玩女神 2022-06-15 06:54 389阅读 0赞

方法一：

\#define \_READ\_HEXADECIMAL\_DATA\_

\#define HEXADECIMAL\_ROW\_NUM 32

void main()

char tempBuffer1\[10\];

char tempBuffer2\[10\];

char tempBuffer3\[10\];

\#ifdef \_READ\_HEXADECIMAL\_DATA\_

for (k=0,m=0; k<HEXADECIMAL\_ROW\_NUM; k++,m++)

//原始数据低位在前，高位在后。读取到tempBuffer1数组中，则tempBuffer1\[3\] 、tempBuffer1\[2\] 、tempBuffer1\[1\] 、tempBuffer1\[0\] 保存的是十六进制数值从高位到低位的排列

tempBuffer1\[0\] = tempBuffer\[1+m\*18\];

tempBuffer1\[1\] = tempBuffer\[0+m\*18\];

tempBuffer1\[2\] = tempBuffer\[4+m\*18\];

tempBuffer1\[3\] = tempBuffer\[3+m\*18\];

tempBuffer1\[4\] = '\\0'; // C语言规定以字符'\\0'作为字符串结束的标志

tempBuffer2\[0\] = tempBuffer\[7+m\*18\];

tempBuffer2\[1\] = tempBuffer\[6+m\*18\];

tempBuffer2\[2\] = tempBuffer\[10+m\*18\];

tempBuffer2\[3\] = tempBuffer\[9+m\*18\];

tempBuffer2\[4\] = '\\0';

tempBuffer3\[0\] = tempBuffer\[13+m\*18\];

tempBuffer3\[1\] = tempBuffer\[12+m\*18\];

tempBuffer3\[2\] = tempBuffer\[16+m\*18\];

tempBuffer3\[3\] = tempBuffer\[15+m\*18\];

tempBuffer3\[4\] = '\\0';

AccTemp\[0\] = TranslateData(tempBuffer1); //函数调用

AccTemp\[1\] = TranslateData(tempBuffer2);

AccTemp\[2\] = TranslateData(tempBuffer3);

fprintf(fout, "%d,%d,%d\\n", AccTemp\[0\], AccTemp\[1\], AccTemp\[2\]);

\#endif

int16 TranslateData(const char \*buff)

int i;

int32 iDATA = 0;

uint8 TempNum;

int32 temp = 0;

for(i=0; i<4; i++)

if (buff\[i\]>57)

TempNum = (buff\[i\] - 55); // 相当于TempNum = (buff\[i\] - 'a' + 10); 'a'的ASCII值是65

else

TempNum = (buff\[i\] - 48); // 相当于TempNum = (buff\[i\] - '0' ); '0'的ASCII值是48

temp = (int32)(pow(16.0, i));

iDATA += TempNum \* (temp); //按照按位计数制，计算数值

if(iDATA > 0x7fff)

iDATA = iDATA - 65536; //正整数溢出时，对数值进行反转

return iDATA;

表1 符号-数值与2的补码表示

<table style="table-layout:fixed; border-collapse:collapse; border:1px solid #ccc; width:280px"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td colspan="2" style="word-wrap:break-word; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; height:14px; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"> 4位符号数值表示</td> 
   <td colspan="2" style="word-wrap:break-word; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; height:14px; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"> 4位补码表示</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr></tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 7</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0111</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 7</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0111</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 6</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0110</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 6</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0110</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 5</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0101</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 5</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0101</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 4</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0100</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 4</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0100</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 3</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0011</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 3</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0011</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 2</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0010</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 2</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0010</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0001</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0001</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> +0</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0000</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 0</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle; color:rgb(255,0,0)"> 0000</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -0</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1000</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -1</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle; color:rgb(255,0,0)"> 1111</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -1</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1001</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -2</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1110</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -2</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1010</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -3</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1101</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -3</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1011</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -4</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1100</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -4</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1100</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -5</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1011</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -5</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1101</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -6</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1010</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -6</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1110</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -7</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1001</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -7</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1111</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> -8</td> 
   <td style="word-wrap:break-word; width:70px; height:14px; font-family:SimSun,STSong; font-size:14px; vertical-align:middle"> 1000</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

方法二：网上参考代码

/\*练习2-3 编写函数htoi(s),将十六进制数字组成的字符串（包含可选的前缀0x或0X）转换为与之等价的整型值。

字符串允许包含的数字包括：0~9、a~f、A~F。\*/

**\[html\]**   [view plaincopy][]

1.  \#include **<stdio.h>**  
2.    
3.  int htoi(char s\[\]);  
4.    
5.  int main()  
6.  \{  
7.      int a = htoi("1234");  
8.      int b = htoi("0x1f");  
9.      int c = htoi("0XAD");  
10.     printf("十进制:%d, 十六进制:%\#x\\n",a,a);  
11.     printf("十进制:%d, 十六进制:%\#x\\n",b,b);  
12.     printf("十进制:%d, 十六进制:%\#x\\n",c,c);  
13.     return 0;  
14. \}  
15.   
16. int htoi(char s\[\])  
17. \{  
18.     int n,i ;  
19.     n = 0;  
20.     for (i=0;s\[i\]!='\\0';i++)  
21.     \{  
22.           
23.         if (s\[i\]=='0'&&(s\[i+1\]=='x'||s\[i+1\]=='X'))  
24.         \{  
25.             i = i\+2;  
26.         \}  
27.         if((s\[i\]**>**='0'&&s\[i\]**<**='9'))  
28.         \{  
29.             n = n\*16+s\[i\]-'0';  
30.         \}  
31.         else if (s\[i\]**>**='a'&&s\[i\]**<**='f')  
32.         \{  
33.             n = n\*16+10+s\[i\]-'a';  
34.         \}  
35.         else if (s\[i\]**>**='A'&&s\[i\]**<**='F')  
36.         \{  
37.             n = n\*16+10+s\[i\]-'A';  
38.         \}  
39.     \}  
40.   
41.     return n;  
42. \}

来源： < [http://blog.csdn.net/cerci0304/article/details/7601877][http_blog.csdn.net_cerci0304_article_details_7601877] >

int htoi(const char \*s)

if( !s )return 0;

if( \*s == '0' )

s++;

if( \*s == 'x' || \*s == 'X' )s++;

int n = 0;

while( \*s )

n <<= 4;

if( \*s <= '9' )

n |= ( \*s & 0xf );

else

n |= ( (\*s & 0xf) + 9 );

s++;

return n;

int main(int argc, char\* argv\[\])

printf("%x\\n", htoi("0xa"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("0xab"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("0xabc"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("0x0a0b"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("a"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("ab"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("abc"));

printf("%x\\n", htoi("12ab"));

return 0;

来源： < [http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=QumjDj-rCtl7odryJw\_ZuKEEKK6shOv5v2cZZwl3LvU7bUslar\_xinVr6ld2QwNy8gUGebJ2zP8t2U29Wri7Ya][http_zhidao.baidu.com_link_url_QumjDj-rCtl7odryJw_ZuKEEKK6shOv5v2cZZwl3LvU7bUslar_xinVr6ld2QwNy8gUGebJ2zP8t2U29Wri7Ya] >

方法三：直接处理一个数的补码，计算得到有符号十进制数

（1）拼接字符。把两个无符号的字符，拼接成一个有符号的十进制数，方法是：将高位的字符左移8位，然后位或低8位的字符。

（2）判断符号。单独提取最高位的位。方法：要提取的变量位与0x8000

（3）将补码表示的负数，转成有符号的十进制数。方法：要转换的变量先减1，再反转所有位（ 反转所有位的意思是每一个0变为1，每一个1变为0），然后提取除了最高位之外的所有位，最后在变量前面加上负号（-）。

![Image 1][]

![Center][]

总结： 按位转换有符号十进制数最简单的算法是反转所有位，然后加1。上面的代码实现跟这个最简单的算法在转换原理上是一致的。

[view plaincopy]: http://blog.csdn.net/cerci0304/article/details/7601877#
[http_blog.csdn.net_cerci0304_article_details_7601877]: http://blog.csdn.net/cerci0304/article/details/7601877
[http_zhidao.baidu.com_link_url_QumjDj-rCtl7odryJw_ZuKEEKK6shOv5v2cZZwl3LvU7bUslar_xinVr6ld2QwNy8gUGebJ2zP8t2U29Wri7Ya]: http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=QumjDj-rCtl7odryJw_ZuKEEKK6shOv5v2cZZwl3LvU7bUslar_xinVr6ld2QwNy8gUGebJ2zP8t2U29Wri7Ya
[Image 1]: 
[Center]: /images/20220615/84c17798d5144fc5948936368380b15c.png