leetcode 751. IP to CIDR

「爱情、让人受尽委屈。」 2022-06-03 10:12 158阅读 0赞

Given a start IP address ip and a number of ips we need to cover n, return a representation of the range as a list (of smallest possible length) of CIDR blocks.

A CIDR block is a string consisting of an IP, followed by a slash, and then the prefix length. For example: “123.45.67.89/20”. That prefix length “20” represents the number of common prefix bits in the specified range.

Example 1:  
Input: ip = “255.0.0.7”, n = 10  
Output: \[“255.0.0.7/32”,”255.0.0.8/29”,”255.0.0.16/32”\]  
Explanation:  
The initial ip address, when converted to binary, looks like this (spaces added for clarity):  
255.0.0.7 -> 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000111  
The address “255.0.0.7/32” specifies all addresses with a common prefix of 32 bits to the given address,  
ie. just this one address.

The address “255.0.0.8/29” specifies all addresses with a common prefix of 29 bits to the given address:  
255.0.0.8 -> 11111111 00000000 00000000 00001000  
Addresses with common prefix of 29 bits are:  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001000  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001001  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001010  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001011  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001100  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001101  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001110  
11111111 00000000 00000000 00001111

The address “255.0.0.16/32” specifies all addresses with a common prefix of 32 bits to the given address,  
ie. just 11111111 00000000 00000000 00010000.

In total, the answer specifies the range of 10 ips starting with the address 255.0.0.7 .

There were other representations, such as:  
\[“255.0.0.7/32”,”255.0.0.8/30”, “255.0.0.12/30”, “255.0.0.16/32”\],  
but our answer was the shortest possible.

Also note that a representation beginning with say, “255.0.0.7/30” would be incorrect,  
because it includes addresses like 255.0.0.4 = 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000100  
that are outside the specified range.  
Note:  
ip will be a valid IPv4 address.  
Every implied address ip + x (for x < n) will be a valid IPv4 address.  
n will be an integer in the range \[1, 1000\].

就这么办吧

#include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <map>
    #include <unordered_map>
    #include <set>
    #include <unordered_set>
    #include <queue>
    #include <stack>
    #include <string>
    #include <climits>
    #include <algorithm>
    #include <sstream>
    #include <functional>
    #include <bitset>
    #include <numeric>
    #include <cmath>
    #include <regex>
    
    using namespace std;
    
    
    class Solution {
    public:
        vector<string> ipToCIDR(string ip, int range)
        {
            auto str2ip = [](const string& s)
            {
                unsigned ret = 0;
                for (auto it = s.begin(); it < s.end();) 
                {
                    auto next = find(it, s.end(), '.');
                    ret = 256 * ret + atoi(string{ it, next }.c_str());
                    it = next + 1;
                }
                return ret;
            };
    
            auto ip2str = [](unsigned ip) 
            {
                string ret = to_string(ip >> 24) + '.' + to_string((ip >> 16) & 0xff)
                    + '.' + to_string((ip >> 8) & 0xff) + '.' + to_string(ip & 0xff);
                return ret;
            };
    
            auto l = str2ip(ip);
            auto r = l + range - 1;
            vector<string> ret;
            vector<string> additional;
            for (unsigned bit = 0; l <= r; ++bit) 
            {
                auto bval = (1 << bit);
                if (bval & l) 
                {
                    ret.push_back(ip2str(l));
                    ret.back() += '/';
                    ret.back() += to_string(32 - bit);
                    l += bval;
                }
                if ((bval & r) == 0) 
                {
                    additional.push_back(ip2str(r & ~(bval - 1)));
                    additional.back() += '/';
                    additional.back() += to_string(32 - bit);
                    r -= bval;
                }
            }
            ret.insert(ret.end(), additional.rbegin(), additional.rend());
            return ret;
        }
    };