在CentOS 6.9 x86_64上开启nginx 1.12.2的proxy_cache缓存配置

r囧r小猫 2022-06-02 04:35 94阅读 0赞

本文研究nginx提供的缓存功能，下面是实操记录。

这篇博文基于前面文章的基础上搭建，至始至终都是root用户操作

[http://blog.csdn.net/tao\_627/article/details/78953800][http_blog.csdn.net_tao_627_article_details_78953800]

缓存清除功能需要借助第三方模块ngx\_cache\_purge，其链接如下

[https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx\_cache\_purge][https_github.com_FRiCKLE_ngx_cache_purge]

下载其源码并安装进nginx中去

cd /usr/local/src  
git clone https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx\_cache\_purge.git

**编译**

cd nginx-1.12.2  
./configure --with-http\_ssl\_module \\  
\--with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.41 \\  
\--with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 \\  
\--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.0g \\  
\--with-http\_stub\_status\_module \\  
\--add-module=/usr/local/src/ngx\_cache\_purge

make

make install

**配置**  
在nginx.conf中添加如下配置块

proxy_cache_path  /usr/local/nginx/cache1  levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache1:100m inactive=1d max_size=2g;
    
    add_header X-Cache $upstream_cache_status;
    
    location ^~ /static/ {
        proxy_cache  cache1;
        proxy_cache_key  $host$uri$is_args$args;
        proxy_cache_valid 200 304 301 302 10m;
        proxy_cache_methods GET; 
        proxy_cache_min_uses 3;
        proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_nocache $arg_nocache $arg_comment;
    
        proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:18080;
    
        expires 30d;
        access_log  logs/cache.log main; 
    }

在相同的server块中，使用单独的location来配置缓存清除功能

location ~ /purge(/.*) {
        allow              127.0.0.1;
        deny               all;
        proxy_cache_purge  cache1 $host$1$is_args$args;
        access_log  logs/cache.log main;
    }

完整的nginx.conf配置如下：

user  root;
    worker_processes  1;  
    
    error_log  logs/error.log  info;
    pid        logs/nginx.pid;
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                          '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                          '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
    
        access_log  logs/access.log  main;
        access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
        sendfile        on;
        
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        proxy_cache_path  /usr/local/nginx/cache1  levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache1:100m inactive=1d max_size=2g;
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
            add_header X-Cache $upstream_cache_status;
    
            location ^~ /static/ {
                proxy_cache  cache1;
                proxy_cache_key  $host$uri$is_args$args;
                proxy_cache_valid 200 304 301 302 10m;
                proxy_cache_methods GET;
                proxy_cache_min_uses 3;
                proxy_cache_bypass $cookie_nocache $arg_nocache $arg_comment;
    
                proxy_pass  http://127.0.0.1:18080;
    
                expires 30d;
                access_log  logs/cache.log main;-
            }
    
            location ~ /purge(/.*) {
                proxy_cache_purge  cache1 $host$1$is_args$args;
                allow              127.0.0.1;
                deny               all;
                access_log  logs/cache.log main;
            }
    
            location /ngx_status {
                stub_status;
                access_log off;
                allow 127.0.0.1;
                deny all;
            }
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
    
    
        server {
            listen       18080;
            server_name  localhost;
    
            location ^~ /static/ {
                root   html;
                expires  10d;
            }
    
            location / {
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
    }

检测并使配置生效

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t  
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

下面是/usr/local/nginx下面的目录结构截图

![20180103163927633][]

![20180103163950905][]

ps auxf | grep nginx | grep -v grep

![20180103183926652][]

注意此时发现已经多了一个cache manager进程。

**测试**

要求现在的nginx cache功能不能和原来添加的模块功能相冲突。下面逐一进行测试。  
curl -vo /dev/null 'http://127.0.0.1/'  
![20180103164218723][]  
  
curl -v http://127.0.0.1/ngx\_status  
![20180103164328482][]  
  
curl -vo /dev/null 'http://127.0.0.1/static/a.gif'  
![20180103164438785][]

根据配置，累计请求同一请求3次之后，才会缓存主

![20180103164610022][]

curl -vo /dev/null 'http://127.0.0.1/purge/static/a.gif'  
![20180103164714251][]

从Firefox浏览器中访问的结果

![20180104102645944][]

再次请求该资源，发现缓存状态是MISS

curl -vo /dev/null 'http://127.0.0.1/static/a.gif'

![20180103165823993][]

**测试中发现的问题**

选项proxy\_cache\_min\_uses表示同一个请求超过多少次才放入缓存，但是我发现，使用ngx\_cache\_purge模块删除之后，再次发送同一个请求，发现两次就缓存了。个人感觉这是个模块兼容性的bug。

**参考文献**  
\[1\].http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx\_http\_proxy\_module.html\#proxy\_cache  
\[2\].https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx\_cache\_purge  
\[3\].http://phl.iteye.com/blog/2256356  
\[4\].http://blog.csdn.net/czp11210/article/details/28596649  
\[5\].http://www.jackieathome.net/archives/411.html  
\[6\].http://blog.csdn.net/dengjiexian123/article/details/53386586

[http_blog.csdn.net_tao_627_article_details_78953800]: http://blog.csdn.net/tao_627/article/details/78953800
[https_github.com_FRiCKLE_ngx_cache_purge]: https://github.com/FRiCKLE/ngx_cache_purge
[20180103163927633]: /images/20220602/711b49f4114e43c5b61f59cba1050450.png
[20180103163950905]: /images/20220602/e460d8f5f24242beaa35e7736c54f6c7.png
[20180103183926652]: /images/20220602/5d0bd6013385447ab8f9f291e70ab9ad.png
[20180103164218723]: /images/20220602/5748bdc46f7742c9b9df8a84488a615e.png
[20180103164328482]: /images/20220602/b4b8e9770e944d8cabfdbc7f98f24731.png
[20180103164438785]: /images/20220602/b12a521900e04ce69acf4eeb22acc2e3.png
[20180103164610022]: /images/20220602/19466873ae8e424397056f33a37d088e.png
[20180103164714251]: /images/20220602/8971196f62b74b8086b884bbfd14a62c.png
[20180104102645944]: /images/20220602/5f7e3e0a86534a0c81df0730c63a4d36.png
[20180103165823993]: /images/20220602/b18e927d791e4da3b037ba2f579052f6.png