java-springboot整合发送邮件|告警邮件|注册邮件

心已赠人 2022-05-13 03:24 463阅读 0赞

### 一、基础知识 ###

**邮件传输协议**:

*  SMTP协议(简单邮件传输协议,属于TCP/IP协议簇,应用层协议)
 *  POP3协议(邮局协议版本3,是TCP/IP协议族中的一员，本协议主要用于支持使用客户端远程管理在服务器上的电子邮件。提供了SSL加密的POP3协议被称为POP3S)
 *  IMAP协议(邮件客户端（可以通过这种协议从邮件服务器上获取邮件的信息，下载邮件等它与POP3协议的主要区别是用户可以不用把所有的邮件全部下载，可以通过客户端直接对服务器上的邮件进行操作。 )
 *  Mime协议

**发送流程:**  
![这里写图片描述][70]

**springboot**  
请自行参考其他博客

### 二、项目起步 ###

1.使用maven创建springboot项目/注册邮箱开通pop3stmp  
![这里写图片描述][70 1]

2.添加,导入主要依赖

<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
    	</dependency>

3.添加相关配置参数application

spring.mail.host=smtp.126.com
    spring.mail.username=********@126.com
    #注意:需要126开通授权码服务填入下面
    spring.mail.password=*****
    spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8

4.发送邮件服务示例

import com.honghe.managerTool.service.SendMailService;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
    import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
    import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
    import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    import javax.mail.MessagingException;
    import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
    import java.io.File;
    
    /** * @author: zhaojianyu * @create: 2018-09-10 10:43 **/
    @Service
    public class SendMailServiceImpl implements SendMailService{ 
    
        @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
        private String whoAmI;
    
        @Autowired
        private JavaMailSender mailSender;
    
        /** * 发送简单邮件 * @param to 发送给谁 * @param subject 邮件主题 * @param content 邮件内容 */
        @Override
        public void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) { 
            SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
            message.setTo(to);
            message.setSubject(subject);
            message.setText(content);
            message.setFrom(whoAmI);
            mailSender.send(message);
        }
    
        /** * 发送html邮件 * @param to * @param subject * @param content */
        @Override
        public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) { 
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            try { 
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,true);
                helper.setTo(to);
                helper.setFrom(whoAmI);
                helper.setSubject(subject);
                helper.setText(content,true);
                mailSender.send(message);
            } catch (MessagingException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }
    
        /** * 发送附件邮件 * @param to * @param subject * @param content * @param filePath */
        @Override
        public void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) { 
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = null;
            try { 
                helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,true);
                helper.setTo(to);
                helper.setFrom(whoAmI);
                helper.setSubject(subject);
                helper.setText(content,true);
    
                FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));
                String fileName = file.getFilename();
                //此处可以添加多个附件 zjy0910
                helper.addAttachment(fileName,file);
    
                mailSender.send(message);
            } catch (MessagingException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        /** * 发送图片邮件 * @param to * @param subject * @param content * @param rscPath 图片路径 * @param rscId */
        @Override
        public void sendInlinResourceMail(String to, String subject, String content,
    										     String rscPath, String rscId) { 
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            try { 
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
                helper.setTo(to);
                helper.setFrom(whoAmI);
                helper.setSubject(subject);
                helper.setText(content,true);
    
                //可以添加多个图片
                FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
                helper.addInline(rscId,res);
    
                mailSender.send(message);
            } catch (MessagingException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
    }

使用方法

//发送简单邮件
        sendMailService.sendSimpleMail("ai10*****32@126.com","标题","内容");
        //发送html邮件
        String content = "<html>\n" +
             "<body>\n"
             +"<h2>html邮件内容</h2><br><marquee>火车开走了□□□□□□□o0O```</marquee>\n"
             +"</body></html>";
        sendMailService.sendHtmlMail("1******6@qq.com","给你的",content);
        //发送附件邮件示例
        sendMailService.sendAttachmentsMail("117***86@qq.com","给你的",content,"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Pictures\\999.jpg");
    
    	//发送图片邮件示例
    	String resId ="id001";
        String content = "<html>\n" +
                    "<body><h2>html邮件内容</h2><br><img src=\'cid:"+resId+"\'></img></body>" +
                    "</html>";
        //发图片邮件
        sendMailService.sendInlinResourceMail("ai*****2@126.com","标题",
                    content,"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Pictures\\\\999.jpg",resId);

### 常见异常处理 ###

## [javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException: 535 authentication failed][javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException_ 535 authentication failed] ##

### 邮件模板 ###

1.添加依赖

<dependency>
    		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    	</dependency>

2.创建模板邮件内容,文件名 ,文件目录如下  
![这里写图片描述][70 2]

3.html文件编写(采用thymeleaf)

<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>告警邮件</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        您好,您的服务器磁盘或内存达到危险值,请检查服务器内存和磁盘情况!<br>
        <a href="#" th:href="@{https://www.baidu.com/}">进入查看</a>
        <a href="#" th:href="@{https://www.baidu.com/{id}(id=${id})}">进入查看2</a>
    </body>
    </html>

4.服务层编写(采用发送html邮件的方法)

/** * 发送html邮件 * @param to * @param subject * @param content */
        @Override
        public void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) { 
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            try { 
                MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,true);
                helper.setTo(to);
                helper.setFrom(whoAmI);
                helper.setSubject(subject);
                helper.setText(content,true);
                mailSender.send(message);
            } catch (MessagingException e) { 
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
    
        }

5.控制层代码展示

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
    import org.thymeleaf.context.Context;
    { 
    	@Autowired
        private SendMailService sendMailService;
    
        @Autowired
        //注入模板引擎
        private TemplateEngine templateEngine;
    
        @RequestMapping("/test")
        public Object test(){ 
            Context context = new Context();
    		//给模板html内注入值
            context.setVariable("id","006");
    		//获取html内容
            String emailContent = templateEngine.process("emailTemplate",context);
            //发送邮件
            sendMailService.sendHtmlMail("ai******332@126.com","模板邮件-邮件主题",emailContent);
            return "ok";
        }
    }

666666.成果展示  
![这里写图片描述][70 3]

--------------------

[与本文类似的相关参考][Link 1]

[70]: /images/20220513/9c7bf7f4753d40b7ba60b0e4c937292c.png
[70 1]: /images/20220513/aec688f0552444ca80f2c0d3d8cf402f.png
[javax.mail.AuthenticationFailedException_ 535 authentication failed]: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38465623/article/details/80789793
[70 2]: /images/20220513/ccc2e611b2ea4c11a7fa321268d0223c.png
[70 3]: /images/20220513/edbbd980e58c421d8d9f29d549072cb7.png
[Link 1]: https://blog.csdn.net/u011244202/article/details/54809696/