IDictionary<TKey, TValue> 接口（数据词典）讲解与示例应用

雨点打透心脏的1/2处 2022-02-02 15:04 153阅读 0赞

专题图：![ylbtech-.net][] **编号：ylbtech DotNet100010011**

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   <td style="font-size:12px;color:rgb(69,69,69);border:1px solid #C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;"><span style="line-height:1.5;font-size:14px;"><strong>1，IDictionary Interface</strong></span></td> 
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Represents a nongeneric collection of key/value pairs.

【代表一个非泛型键/值对的集合。】

**命名空间:**System.Collections.Generic  
**程序集:**mscorlib（在 mscorlib.dll 中）

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   <td style="font-size:12px;color:rgb(69,69,69);border:1px solid #C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;"><span style="line-height:1.5;font-size:14px;"><strong>2，Syntax（语法）</strong></span></td> 
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**IDictionary** 接口是键/值对的泛型集合的基接口。

每个元素都是一个存储在 [KeyValuePair][] 对象中的键/值对。

每一对都必须有唯一的键。实现在是否允许 key 为 空引用（在 Visual Basic 中为 Nothing） 方面有所不同。此值可以为 空引用（在 Visual Basic 中为 Nothing），并且不必是唯一的。**IDictionary** 接口允许对所包含的键和值进行枚举，但这并不意味着任何特定的排序顺序。

C\# 语言中的 **foreach** 语句（在 Visual Basic 中为 **For Each**，在 C++ 中为 **for each**）需要集合中每个元素的类型。由于 **IDictionary** 的每个元素都是一个键/值对，因此元素类型既不是键的类型，也不是值的类型。而是 **KeyValuePair** 类型。

引用： [ http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.collections.idictionary.aspx][http_msdn.microsoft.com_en-us_library_system.collections.idictionary.aspx]

引用2： [ http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s4ys34ea(v=vs.80).aspx][http_msdn.microsoft.com_zh-cn_library_s4ys34ea_v_vs.80_.aspx]

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   <td style="font-size:12px;color:rgb(69,69,69);border:1px solid #C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;"><span style="line-height:1.5;font-size:14px;"><strong>4，统计一句话中，每个单词的数量【示例】</strong></span></td> 
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       &nbsp; 
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      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:#808080;background:none;">/// 统计一句话中，每个单词的数量</code> 
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     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">else</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">dic1.Add(strs[i], 1);&nbsp;&nbsp; </code> 
      <code style="border:0px;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(0,130,0);background:none;">//不存在，添加一个新键值对</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgb(0,130,0);background:none;">//输出统计结果</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">foreach</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">(</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">string</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">key </code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">in</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">dic1.Keys)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">Console.WriteLine(</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">string</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">.Format(</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:#0000FF;background:none;">"这个单词{0}, 共{1}。"</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">, key, dic1[key]));</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">} </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;background-image:none;"> 
      <code style="border:0px;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;color:rgb(0,0,0);background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table style="border:1px solid #C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="font-size:12px;color:rgb(69,69,69);border:1px solid #C0C0C0;border-collapse:collapse;"><span style="line-height:1.5;font-size:14px;"><strong>5,把数据词典绑定集合（Repeater）</strong></span></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

5.1,X.aspx

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default2" %>
    
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
    
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head runat="server">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <form id="form1" runat="server">
        <div>
            <select id="Select1">
            <asp:Repeater ID="rpt" runat="server">
            <ItemTemplate>
             <option value="<%#Eval("Key") %>"><%#Eval("Value") %></option>
            </ItemTemplate>
            </asp:Repeater>           
            </select>
        </div>
        </form>
    </body>
    </html>

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

5.2,X.aspx.cs

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    
    public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Dictionary<int, string> flagStateDic = new Dictionary<int, string>();
            flagStateDic.Add(0, "保存");
            flagStateDic.Add(1, "收件箱");
            flagStateDic.Add(2, "草稿箱");
            flagStateDic.Add(3, "已发送");
            flagStateDic.Add(4, "已删除");
            flagStateDic.Add(18, "订阅邮件");
            flagStateDic.Add(5, "垃圾邮件");
            flagStateDic.Add(6, "病毒文件夹");
            flagStateDic.Add(7, "广告邮件");
    
            rpt.DataSource = flagStateDic;
            rpt.DataBind();
        }
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

本文转自ylbtech博客园博客，原文链接： http://www.cnblogs.com/ylbtech/archive/2012/08/26/2657157.html ，如需转载请自行联系原作者

[ylbtech-.net]: /images/20220202/fa9e7c2466c84690a0402468c1d75e63.png
[KeyValuePair]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/5tbh8a42%28v=vs.80%29.aspx
[http_msdn.microsoft.com_en-us_library_system.collections.idictionary.aspx]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.collections.idictionary.aspx
[http_msdn.microsoft.com_zh-cn_library_s4ys34ea_v_vs.80_.aspx]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/s4ys34ea%28v=vs.80%29.aspx
[copycode.gif]: /images/20220202/34afe04e574242a68cbf359fe28a706f.png