5、Spring-Cloud-声明式调用 Feign（上）

古城微笑少年丶 2021-12-17 05:27 339阅读 0赞

##  5.1、写一个 Feign 害户端 ##

新建项目：

![1488757-20190402225914334-984821226.png][]

![1488757-20190402225917426-1445602460.png][]

依赖：

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

关于服务中心使用的是8762（之前的案列写过）

地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10645911.html

配置文件：

spring.application.name=feign
    server.port=8088
    eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8762/eureka/

主配置类：

**@EnableFeignClients：开启Feign Client功能**

@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.cr.eurekafeignclient.feign")
    @EnableDiscoveryClient
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class EurekaFeignClientApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(EurekaFeignClientApplication.class, args);
        }
    }

上述的三个步骤已经开启了Feign的功能

实现之前eureka client的/port服务的调用

EurekaClientFeign.java

@FeignClient(value = "CLINET",configuration = feignconfig.class) public interface EurekaClientFeign {
        @GetMapping("/port")
        String port();
    
    }

@FeignClient:

value:远程调用其他服务的服务名

feignconfig.class为Feign Client的配置类

port（）：通过Feign来调用CLIENT服务的“/port”的API接口

feignconfig.java

@Configuration
    public class feignconfig {
    
        @Bean
        public Retryer feignRetryer(){
            return  new Retryer.Default(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1L),5);
        }
    }

配置类：注入一个feignRetryer的Retryer的Bean

注入Bean之后，Feign在远程调用失败之后会进行重试

FeignService.java

@Service
    public class FeignService {
    
        @Autowired
        EurekaClientFeign eurekaClientFeign;
    
        public String  port(){
            return eurekaClientFeign.port();
        }
    }

在Service层FeignService注入EurekaClientFeign去调用port（）方法

FeignController.java

@RestController
    public class FeignController {
        @Autowired
        FeignService feignService;
    
        @GetMapping("/feign")
        public String sayPort(){
            return  feignService.port();
        }
    }

自动注入 **FeignService **去调用其port（）方法

**FeignService **通过 EurekaClientFeign远程调用CLIENT服务的API接口“/port”

此时的两个提供者：

![1488757-20190402230714466-1147368825.png][]

分别是8089和8090端口

启动服务：

![1488757-20190402230739563-1976773526.png][]

![1488757-20190402230743332-875755259.png][]

![1488757-20190402230749330-658102221.png][]

Feign Client 程调用了 eureka-client 务（8089、8090）两个端口的实例“/port”API接口

**Feign Client 有负载均衡的能力。**

spring-cloud-starter-openfeign 的porn 文件

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-openfeign-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-commons</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
       <artifactId>feign-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
       <artifactId>feign-slf4j</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
       <artifactId>feign-hystrix</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
       <artifactId>feign-java8</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
       <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-archaius</artifactId>
       <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>

##  5.2、FeignClient详解 ##

@FeignClient注解源码

//
    // Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
    // (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
    //
    
    package org.springframework.cloud.openfeign;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
    import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
    import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
    import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
    import java.lang.annotation.Target;
    import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
    
    @Target({ElementType.TYPE})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    @Documented
    public @interface FeignClient {
        @AliasFor("name")
        String value() default "";
    
        /** @deprecated */
        @Deprecated
        String serviceId() default "";
    
        String contextId() default "";
    
        @AliasFor("value")
        String name() default "";
    
        String qualifier() default "";
    
        String url() default "";
    
        boolean decode404() default false;
    
        Class<?>[] configuration() default {};
    
        Class<?> fallback() default void.class;
    
        Class<?> fallbackFactory() default void.class;
    
        String path() default "";
    
        boolean primary() default true;
    }

FeignClient 注解被＠Target(ElementType TYPE）修饰：

表示 FeignClient 注解的作用目标在接口上

＠Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTll\\伍）注解表明该注解会在 lass 字节码文件中存在，

在运行时可以通过反射获取到

＠Documented 表示该注解将被包含在 Javadoc 中。

@Feign Client 注解用于创建声明式 API 接口，该接口是RESTful 风格的。

Feign 被设计成插拔式的，可以注入其他组件和 Feign一起使用

最典型的是如果 Ribbon 可用， Feign 会和Ribbon 结合进行负载均衡。

注解中的属性：

\---value（）和 name（） 样，是被调用的服务的 Serviceld

\---url （）直接填写硬编码的Uri 地址

\---decode404（）即 404 是被解码，还是抛异常。

\---configuration （）指明 FeignClient 配置类，

默认的配置类为 FeignClientsConfiguration类，在缺省的情况下 这个类注入

了默认的 DecoderEncoder、 Contract 等配置的 Bean

\---fall back（）为配置熔断器的处理类。

##  5.3、FeignClient的配置 ##

Feign Client 默认的配置类为 FeignClientsConfiguration，这个类在在 pring-cloud-netflix-core的jar下

现这个类注入了很多 Feign 相关的配置 Bean（默认不配置的时候使用默认的）

Decoder、Encoder 、Contract个类在没有Bean被注入的情况下，会自动注入默认配置的 Bean

![1488757-20190402231013400-842918889.png][]

@Configuration
    public class FeignClientsConfiguration {
        @Autowired
        private ObjectFactory<HttpMessageConverters> messageConverters;
        @Autowired(
            required = false
        )
        private List<AnnotatedParameterProcessor> parameterProcessors = new ArrayList();
        @Autowired(
            required = false
        )
        private List<FeignFormatterRegistrar> feignFormatterRegistrars = new ArrayList();
        @Autowired(
            required = false
        )
        private Logger logger;
    
        public FeignClientsConfiguration() {
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public Decoder feignDecoder() {
            return new OptionalDecoder(new ResponseEntityDecoder(new SpringDecoder(this.messageConverters)));
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        @ConditionalOnMissingClass({
         "org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable"})
        public Encoder feignEncoder() {
            return new SpringEncoder(this.messageConverters);
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnClass(
            name = {
        "org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable"}
        )
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public Encoder feignEncoderPageable() {
            return new PageableSpringEncoder(new SpringEncoder(this.messageConverters));
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public Contract feignContract(ConversionService feignConversionService) {
            return new SpringMvcContract(this.parameterProcessors, feignConversionService);
        }
    
        @Bean
        public FormattingConversionService feignConversionService() {
            FormattingConversionService conversionService = new DefaultFormattingConversionService();
            Iterator var2 = this.feignFormatterRegistrars.iterator();
    
            while(var2.hasNext()) {
                FeignFormatterRegistrar feignFormatterRegistrar = (FeignFormatterRegistrar)var2.next();
                feignFormatterRegistrar.registerFormatters(conversionService);
            }
    
            return conversionService;
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public Retryer feignRetryer() {
            return Retryer.NEVER_RETRY;
        }
    
        @Bean
        @Scope("prototype")
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean
        public Builder feignBuilder(Retryer retryer) {
            return Feign.builder().retryer(retryer);
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnMissingBean({FeignLoggerFactory.class})
        public FeignLoggerFactory feignLoggerFactory() {
            return new DefaultFeignLoggerFactory(this.logger);
        }
    
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnClass(
            name = {
        "org.springframework.data.domain.Page"}
        )
        public Module pageJacksonModule() {
            return new PageJacksonModule();
        }
    
        @Configuration
        @ConditionalOnClass({HystrixCommand.class, HystrixFeign.class})
        protected static class HystrixFeignConfiguration {
            protected HystrixFeignConfiguration() {
            }
    
            @Bean
            @Scope("prototype")
            @ConditionalOnMissingBean
            @ConditionalOnProperty(
                name = {
        "feign.hystrix.enabled"}
            )
            public Builder feignHystrixBuilder() {
                return HystrixFeign.builder();
            }
        }
    }

重写 FeignClientsConfiguration 类中的 Bean

覆盖掉默认的配置 Bean

从而达到自定义配置的目的

Feign 默认的配置在请求失败后 重试次数为 ，即不重试Retryer.NEVER\_RETRY

现在希望在请求失败后能够重试

这时需要写 个配置 FeignConfig 类

在该类中注入Retryer的Bean会覆盖掉默认的 Retryer的Bean

@Configuration
    public class feignconfig {
        @Bean
        public Retryer feignRetryer(){
            return  new Retryer.Default(100, TimeUnit.SECONDS.toMillis(1L),5);
        }
    }

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10646137.html

[1488757-20190402225914334-984821226.png]: /images/20211217/1d13fd46b294459186629468f527d423.png
[1488757-20190402225917426-1445602460.png]: /images/20211217/836d977191e143718b2570c091c89932.png
[1488757-20190402230714466-1147368825.png]: /images/20211217/62d8aea23ea345cb9fdb4000c1ac6596.png
[1488757-20190402230739563-1976773526.png]: /images/20211217/5625a6e03bd44b1d8e32c3282a467817.png
[1488757-20190402230743332-875755259.png]: /images/20211217/cb40191f465a45bc8c1b3200d86a1a31.png
[1488757-20190402230749330-658102221.png]: /images/20211217/ad6ebce40654452b9ae0afc768854780.png
[1488757-20190402231013400-842918889.png]: https://img2018.cnblogs.com/blog/1488757/201904/1488757-20190402231013400-842918889.png